Neuro Flashcards
Difference between dermoid and epidermoid?
Dermoid will often have fat and calcs, be midline. Epidermoid will look like arachnoid cysts except restrict diffusion
What is the most common expansile lesion of the paranasal sinuses?
Mucocele
What is the blood supply of the inferior temporal lobe?
posterior cerebral artery
Location of 1st branchial cleft cyst?
periauricular/ adjacent to parotid gland
Location of 2nd branchial cleft cyst?
pushes submandibular glad anteromedially, carotid space medially, and sternocleidomastoid muscle posterolaterally
Location of 3rd branchial cleft cyst?
rare, posterolateral to carotid space
Location of 4th branchial apparatus sinus tracts?
pyriform sinus to upper left thyroid lobe
Painful scoliosis in 10-30 yo patient- with expansile lytic lesion of the spine.
Osteoblastoma. Osteoid osteoma fits too if lesion is less than 1.5cm.
Chiari 2 malformations are associated with which spinal abnormality?
Open spinal dysraphisms (myelomeningoceles). Close dysraphisms do not cause chiari malformations (lipomyelomeningoceles etc).
What fractures comprise a LeForte type I?
“Floating palate”
horizontal maxillary fracture, separating the teeth from the upper face
fracture line passes through the alveolar ridge, lateral nose and inferior wall of maxillary sinus
What fractures comprise a LeForte type II?
“pyramidal fracture”
pyramidal fracture, with the teeth at the pyramid base, and nasofrontal suture at its apex
fracture arch passes through posterior alveolar ridge, lateral walls of maxillary sinuses, inferior orbital rim and nasal bones
What fractures comprise a LeForte type III?
“Floating face”
craniofacial dysjunction
fracture line passes through nasofrontal suture, maxillo-frontal suture, orbital wall, and zygomatic arch / zygomaticofrontal suture
What fractures comprise a zygomaticomaxillary fracture?
Anterior and posterolateral walls of the maxillary sinus, zygomatic arch, lateral orbital wall
What are the features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy on MRI?
Asymmetric hypertorphy of the septal portion of the left ventricular wall. Delayed enhancement.
F-18 PET shows hypermetabolism where in Lewy body dz?
Occipital lobe.
What is the anatomic location difference between jugular foramen schwannoma and glomus jugulare?
Jug foramen schan -> superomedial
Glomus jugulare -> superolateral
Unilateral coronal or lamboid suture synostosis will cause what skull shape?
plagiocephaly.
Neuro tumor
young adult
lateral ventricle attached to cavum septi pellucidi
bubbly
minimal enhancement
central neurocytoma
inflammation of lateral rectus muscle
IOID= idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease
ddx: thyroid- prefers medial and inferior rectus m.
lymphoma will have inflammatory changes
What major structure passes through the foramen spinosum?
Middle meningial artery.
This is the high heels “spine/spike”
What passes through the foramen lacerum? And where is it?
irregular opening in central skull base ant/inf to the apex of the petrous temporal bone.
emissary veins pass through it
Esthesioneuroblastoma… what?
- involves both nasal cavity and ant cranial fossa
- makes a figure 8 as it passes through the ant skull base
- highly vascular/avid enhancement
- bone destruction
- cysts at the interface between intracranial tumor spread and the brain parenchyma=characteristic
What the H is the modiolus?
The modiolus is the central bony axis of cochlea that houses the spiral ganglion (cell bodies of cochlear nerve).
Glossopharyngeal nerve exits through which foramen?
Pars nervosa of the jugular foramen.
