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MSK Flashcards

1
Q

Which XR view helps exaggerate scapholunate dissociation?

A

Clenched fist view.

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2
Q

Radial sided injury of carpal bones causes VISI or DISI?

A

DISI. Ulnar-sided is VISI.

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3
Q

Comminuted fracture of the base of the 1st metatarsal?

A

Rolando

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4
Q

Guyon’s canal is where?

A

Ulnar nerve passes through pisiform/hamate

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5
Q

Essex-Lopresti fx = ?

A

Fx rad head + ant dislocation of DRUJ

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6
Q

Monteggia Fx = ?

A

Fx prox ulna and ant dislocation rad head

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7
Q

Galeazzi fx = ?

A

Rad shaft fx and ant dislocation of ulna at DRUJ

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8
Q

Best view to eval Hill-Sachs?

A

Internal rotation view

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9
Q

Total shoulder, who gets TSA and who gets reverse TSA?

A

Cuff intact gets TSA, cuff gone wild gets reverse TSA

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10
Q

Corona mortis is made up of who?

A

anast of inf epigastric and obturator vessels

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11
Q

Which tendon attaches to AIIS?

A

Rectus femoris

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12
Q

Honda sign

A

insuff fx of sacrum

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13
Q

Segond fx is where?

A

Lateral tibial platue

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14
Q

Arcuate sign?

A

PCL tear- avulsion of prox fibula

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15
Q

Classic assoc with patellar tendon tear?

A

SLE

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16
Q

What is a normal T score in DEXA?

A

>1.0

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17
Q

What T score represents osteoporosis?

A
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18
Q

Kohlers

A

tarsal navicular

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19
Q

Freiberg

A

2nd metatarsal head

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20
Q

Severs

A

Calcaneal apophysis

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21
Q

Panners

A

capitellum

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22
Q

What soft tissue mass is typically found in the infrascapular chest wall?

A

Elastofibroma. (slow growing, may contain fat, can be hot on PET, but benign).

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23
Q

MSK tumor:

Pediatric

Epiphysis

Lytic with sclerotic rim

Significant surrounding edema

A

Chondroblastoma

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24
Q

MSK tumor:

pediatric

organized rim of sclerosis

central lucency

painless

tibial and femoral cortices

A

NOF

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25
Q

“bamboo spine”

A

Ankylosing spondylitis.

also, SI joint involvement must be present.

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26
Q

MSK tumor:

intramuscular soft tissue mass

fluid signal

internal enhancement

A

intramuscular myxoma

ddx: myxoid liposarcoma, but needs to have fatty nodules and septa

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27
Q

Localized smooth ossification of the medial femoral condyle. hx: chronic knee pain and sprains.

A

“Peligrini-Stieda disease”

-ossification of the MCL at femoral attachement

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28
Q

MSK tumor:

pediatric

lytic

well-circumscribed

fragments in the dependent portion

A

Unicameral bone cyst

“fallen fragment sign”

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29
Q

MSK tumor:

young adult

dense, flowing ossification

melting candle appearance

A

Melorheostosis

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30
Q

What causes rugger jersey spine?

A

renal osteodystrophy with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

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31
Q

MSK tumor:

pediatric

expansile

lytic with thin cortex

fluid fluid levels

A

Anuerysmal bone cyst.

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32
Q

Macrodystrophia lipomatosa

A

Enlargement of a singIe digit unilaterally in a lower extremity with involvement of the second or third phalanx

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33
Q

MSK tumor:

pediatric

osteoblastic

periosteal reaction

soft tissue component

A

Osteosarcoma

also: can present with ptx

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34
Q

MSK tumor:

pediatric

aggressive

periosteal reaction

soft tissue component

diaphyseal/metaphyseal

A

Ewing Sarcoma

35
Q

MSK tumor:

adult

chondroid calcifications

bony replacement

painful

pelvis/femur

A

Chondrosarcoma

36
Q

If there is communication of the ankle joint and common (lateral) peroneal tendon sheath, what is torn?

A

calcaneofibular ligament

37
Q

In scapholunate tear, which band is most important for carpal stability?

A

dorsal

(vs. volar and middle)

this is what causes DISI etc

38
Q

What wrist malalignment is most commonly associated with Kienbock’s?

A

negatibe ulnar variance.

39
Q

You are shown increased fluid in the 1st extensor compartment of the wrist either as increase T2 or on ultrasound. What is it?

A

de Quervain’s

40
Q

What is intersection syndrome?

A

Repetitive use issue of first compartment crossing over second extensor compartment of the wrist. ECR and ECRB and ECRL tenosynovitis.

rowers

41
Q

Name two causes of diffuse tenosynovitis.

A
  1. NonTB mycobacterial infxn. hand/wrist. exuberant. spaires muscles. immunocompromised.
  2. RA. mult flexor tendons/ECU. can present before bone findings.
42
Q

MSK tumor:

finger tip

T1 dark, T2 bright, enhance avidly

A

glomus tumor

43
Q

MSK tumor:

finger- specifically palmar tendons

T1 dark, T2 dark, blooms on GRE

A

Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath.

Basically PVNS of the tendon.

44
Q

MSK tumor:

finger

T1 dark, T2 dark, and will not bloom on GRE

A

Fibroma.

benign overgrowth of the tendon collagen. GCT of tendon sheath will bloom.

45
Q

What is tennis elbow?

A

Lateral epicondylitis: Extensor tendon injury, usually ECRB. radial colalteral ligament complext can tear from varus stress.

46
Q

What is golers’ elbow?

A

flexor tendon/ulnar nerve may enlarge from chronic injury.

47
Q

classic presentation of cat-scratch disease?

A

Epitrochlear lymphadenopathy.

48
Q

where will you find a sublabral foramen (shoulder)?

A

between the anterior-superior labrium from 1 o’clock to 3’oclock. This will not extend below the 3 o’clock position.

49
Q

What is a Buford complex?

A

absent anterior/superior labrum (1-3 o’clock) with a thickened middle glenohumeral ligament. (this ligament runs right by there).

50
Q

What is a GLAD injury?

A

“glonlabral articular discruption” is a superficial anterior/inferior labral tear with art cart damage. no instability.

51
Q

What is a perthes injury of the shoulder?

A

Detachment of the anterior inferior labrum 3-6 oclock- periosteum is intact

52
Q

What is an ALPSA injury?

A

“anterior labral periosteal sleeve avulsion”. medially displaced labroligamentous complex with absence of the labrum on the glenoid rim. intact periosteum. scars down to glenoid.

53
Q

what is a true Bankart injury?

A

Cartilaginous or bony with periosteum disruption. often Hill Sachs present too.

54
Q

HAGL?

A

humeral avulsion glenohumeral ligament.— inferior glenohumeral ligament causes “J” shaped inferior glenohumeral recess.

55
Q

Suprascapular notch cyst affects which muscle(s)?

A

supraspinatus and infraspinatus

56
Q

spinoglenoid notch cyst affects which muscle(s)?

A

infraspinatous

57
Q

What nerve compression syndrome causes atrophy of teres minor?

A

Quadrilateral space syndrome/ compression of the axillary nerve.

Quad space= Humerus, minor, major, and long head of triceps

58
Q

What is Parsonage-Turner syndrome?

A

muscles affected in two or more nerve distributions.

59
Q

How can you tell on sagittals if you are looking at medial or lateral meniscus?

A

medial meniscus is thicker posteriorly while lateral is equal

60
Q

MSK tumor:

pediatric

heterogenously enhancing soft tissue mass

always consider this, but need biopsy

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

61
Q

“Pencil in cup”

A

reactive arthritis

62
Q
A
63
Q
A
64
Q

No medullary canal with diffusely dense bones?

A

Osteopetrosis.

problem with osteoclasts.

65
Q

What does an atypical lipomatous tumor look like?

A

dirty lipoma- there will be small nodules and septa

66
Q

frond-like synovial masses that fat saturate (knee)

A

lipoma arborescens

67
Q

You are shown a radiograph of a hand with multple phalangeal lesions. How do you tell the difference between hyperparathyroidism and multiple enchondromas?

A

Hyperparathyroid: brown tumors, subperiosteal resorption, coarsening of the trabeculae, acroosteolysis

Enchondromas: no subperiosteal resorption or acroosteolysis. Phalangeal enchondromas don’t have to have that chondroid matrix, so can be tricky.

68
Q

MSK tumor

expansile and lytic tumor which can have components of anuerysmal bone cyst

A

Giant Cell Tumor

GCT

69
Q

Difference between periosteal osteosarcoma and parosteal osteosarcoma?

A
  • Peri*osteal osteosarc: surface with scalloping of the bone and makes spicules of bone
  • Par*osteal osteosarc: cauliflower looking at posterior distal femur
70
Q

Downsloping and irregularity of the medial proximal tibia in pediatric patient

A

Blount’s

71
Q
A
72
Q

absent/hypoplastic nails from birth. flexion contractures and recurrent knee dislocations.

A

Fong disease/ nail-patella syndrome

73
Q

Mulder sign

A

squeeze the metatarsal heads together and watch for protruding Morton neuroma. between 2/3 MT heads

74
Q

Freiberg’s disease

A

Features of avascular necrosis, including heterogeneous density with deformity/flattening Idealized to the head of the second metatarsal and secondany osteoarthrosis, are characteristic of this diagnosis.

75
Q

Ahlback disease/SONK

A

AVN MFC

76
Q

Kohler disease

A

AVN patella or navicular (in kiddos)

77
Q

Kummel disease

A

AVN vertebral body

78
Q

Mueller Weiss disease

A

AVN navicular adult

79
Q

Panner disease

A

AVN capitellum (humerus)

80
Q

Sever disease

A

AVN calcaneal epiphysis

81
Q

Fong disease

A

hypoplastic patellae and horns on the iliac bones

82
Q

Edema in the teres and deltoid…

A

quadrilateral space syndrome

83
Q

MC soft tissue sarcoma in adults?

A

malignant fibrous histiocytoma

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