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Step2 > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

1
Q

Coronary Artery aneurysms associated with what disease in peds?

A

Kawasakis

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2
Q

Supravalvular aortic stenosis in PEDS?

A

Williams syndrome

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3
Q

Heart Failure in newborn, underlying disease?

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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4
Q

TGA biggest RF?

A

Maternal DM

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5
Q

Turner syndrome associated w/ what heart abnormality?

A

Coarc

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6
Q

DiGeorge’s Sydnrome (FaT CaT)

A

Facies
Thymic Aplasia
hypoCAlcemia (parathyroid aplasia)
Tga or Tertalogy of Fallot

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7
Q

RF for Tertalogy of Fallot?

A

Maternal PKU

DiGeorges

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8
Q

Cephalohematoma vs. Caput succedaneum?

A 
Hematoma = ONE cranial bone
CS = Diffuse
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9
Q

Def. in a-galactosidase –> ceramide trihexose accumulation?(XL)

A

Fabry

Severe neuropathic pain, increased TE events, angiokeratomas, telangectasias

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10
Q

Krabbe vs. Gaucher?

A

Krabbe = Galactoside, progressive neuro degen

Gaucher - Glucoside, Anemia, thrombocytopenia, “crinkled paper”

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11
Q

Nieman-Pick vs. Tay Sachs

A

NP = Sphingomylen, Cherry red spot, HSM

TS = GM2 ganglioside, cherry red, NO HSM

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12
Q

Hurler vs. Hunter?

A

Hurler = Worse (a-L-iduronase) +corneal clouding

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13
Q

Risk factor for brachial plexus injury in newborns?

A

Macrosomia (DM moms) –> Shoulder dystocia

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14
Q

Polyhydraminos causes?

A

Neurological
- Werdnig-Hoffmann (anterior horn SMA)

GI - atresia

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15
Q

Oligohydraminos causes?

A 
Renal Agenesis (potter syndrome)
Prune Belly (can't pee)
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16
Q

Elevated AFP in prenatal screening?

A

NTD or abdominal wall defect

  • gastroschisis, omphalocele
  • Spina bifida, meningocele, myelomeningocele

MOST COMMON DATING PROBLEM

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17
Q

Umbilical Hernia associated w/ what?

At what age is it a problem?

A

Hypothyroid, ehlers danlos

Surg if not regressed by age 4

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18
Q

Gastroschisis vs. Omphalocele?

A

G: lateral, no sac, tx with Immediate surg

O: midline + sac, tx with immediate surg + slow re-introducing

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19
Q

EEG findings, opsomyclonus (eye and ataxia), elevated VMA and metanephrines in infancy?

A

Neuroblastoma of adrenal medulla

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20
Q

Grey cyanosis in newborn, no pulses?

A

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

21
Q

Conservative treatment of symptomatic VSD?

A

Diuretics + Digoxin

22
Q

CHARGE syndrome

A 
Coloboma
Heart Defects
Atresia, choanal
Retardation
Gential/uro defects
Ear abnormalities
23
Q

VACTERL syndrome

A 
Vertebral defect
Anal atresia
CV defects
TE fistula
Esophageal atresia
Renal abnormalities
Limb abnormalities
24
Q

Slipped Cap vs. Legg-Calve-Perthes?

A

Slipped cap = PAINFUL older, WIDE JOINT SPACE

LCP = painLESS Younger, AVASCULAR NECROSIS

25
Q

McCune Albright?

A

Precocious puberty (Female)

cafe-au-lait

Elevated pituitary (or adrenal hormones)

BONEY DEFECTS (Fibrous Dysplasia)

26
Q

Bruton’s vs. Transient Hypogammaglobinemia of infancy?

A

Both low IG around 6 months

Brutons = LOW B CELL NUMBER

THI = Normal B Cell Number

27
Q

CVID vs. Brutons?

A 
Brutons = around 6 months
CVID = Later, 15 yr olds.
28
Q

Kawasaki major risk?

Tx?

A

Risk of coronary artery anerysm

High dose ASA

29
Q

What increases risk of neonatal RDS? (3)

What, weirdly decrease risk?

A

Prematurity, DM, CS without labor

Less risk with fetal “stressors” Maternal HTN, IUGR, PROM

30
Q

PE vs. Bacterial PNA, visual differences on CT?

A

PE = linear WEDGE, straight edges

PNA = Local, irregular/fuzzy borders

31
Q

Beckwith-Weidman syndrome (6)

A 
Hypoglycemia
Abdominal Wall defects (Omphalocele)
Macroglossia
Gigantism
Hemi-hypertrophy
Wilms Tumor
32
Q

Diagnose Meckel Diverticulum in kids?

A

Techtenium99 scan

33
Q

Erythema Marginatum - Which disease? What does it look like?

A

Acute Rheumatic Fever

Sharp wavy borders, non-raised slightly erythematous

34
Q

Breast milk vs. Breastfeeding jaundice?

A

Breast milk = Lack of production

  • Dehydration (brick stool, decreased UOP)
  • Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia

Breast feeding = b-glucuronide in breast milk cant be conjugated

  • NO DEHYDRATION
  • peaks 2wks in
35
Q

When to start phototherapy in jaundiced neonate?

A

Tbili >20

36
Q

Cat Bite treatment?

A

Augmentin

37
Q

Friedricks Ataxia findings (3)?

A

Ataxia (other neuro as well)
Skeletal (Hammer toes, scoliosis)
Restrictive cardiomyopathy

38
Q

Osteogenesis Imperfecta defect?

A

Type 1 collagen

39
Q

Purpura
Scrotal swelling
GI pain
Arthralgias

Which disease?
Complication of GI process?

A

HSP

Ileo-ileal intussusception (needs surg)

40
Q

Immunodeficiency:

1) 1 mo old fungal infections
2) 2 yo giardia + PNA
3) 15 yo with pyogenic URT/LRTI

A

1) SCID (ADA deficiency) – Low B and T
2) Brutons XLAGG – Low B#
3) CVID – normal number B

41
Q

Inspiratory stridor anatomical causes
- Improves with neck extension?

  • Improves with prone position
A

NE: vascular ring

Prone: Laryngotracheomalacia

42
Q

Imaging study for Malrotation w/ volvus?

A

Upper GI series

43
Q 
Umbilical hernia
Macrosomia
Macroglossia
Hemi-hypertrophy
Hypoglycemia

Disease?
Routine care screening?

A

Beckwith Weidmann

Abdominal US to look for Tumors

44
Q

TORCH that causes clear rhinorrhea and desquamating rash?

A

Syphillis

45
Q

Side effects of SGA infant?

A

Hypoxia (Polycythemia)
Meconium Ileus
aspiration
hypothermia

46
Q

Chlamydial vs. Gonnococcal conjunctivitis timeline and treatment?

A

1-5 days = GC
5-14 days = Chlam

GC tx: Ocular erythromycin
Chlam tx: oral erythromycin

47
Q

Contraindications to rotavirus vaccine?

A

Intussusception hx
CVID
Unrepaired GI anatomical defect
Hx of anaphlaxis to vaccine

48
Q

Intermittent abominal pain, wrist drop, headache?

A

Lead poisoning

49
Q

Lead poisoning testing

tx?

A

Testing:

  1. fingerstick screen
  2. level

Level 70 = EDTA +Dimercaprol

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