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Orthodontics > Pedo Final > Flashcards

Pedo Final Flashcards

1
Q

How often are infant recalls?

A

6 months

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2
Q

What three things should be found out in the preliminary exam?

A
  1. social/psycho history, 2. mental/physical disorders and 3. Fluoride exposure
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3
Q

At what age does a child develop running and jumping, is attached to their parent, and will not share?

A

2

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4
Q

At what age does a child develop more of a desire to please, stays close to their parent, and has more imagination and stories?

A

3

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5
Q

At what age does a child impose powers, has a small social group, and says please and thank you?

A

4

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6
Q

What age is considered the consolidation period, involves giving up comfort items and playing nice with peers?

A

5

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7
Q

What percentage of mental retardation is mild?

A

85%

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8
Q

What are the four levels of mental retardation?

A
  1. Mild, 2. Moderate, 3. Severe and 4. Profound
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9
Q

What is the order of the seven steps of behavior shaping?

A
  1. state goal, 2. explain necessity, 3. divide it up, 4. explain it clearly, 5. successive approximation (tell-show-do), 6. praise appropriate behavior and 7. disregard minor misbehavior
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10
Q

When does morphologic development and calcification begin in central incisors?

A

11 weeks in utero, 14 weeks

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11
Q

When does morphologic development and calcification begin in lateral incisors?

A

13-14, 16 weeks

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12
Q

When does morphologic development and calcification begin in canines?

A

14-16, 17 weeks

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13
Q

What is the calcification sequence?

A

Centrals, 1st molars, laterals, canines and 2nd molars

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14
Q

Stats of a max. first molar?

A

12.5 weeks appearance, calcification at 15.5 weeks, occlusal surface done at 34 weeks, 3/4 occlusal-gingival height finished at birth

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15
Q

Stats of a 2nd max. molar?

A

12.5 appearance, 19 calcification and 1/4 at birth

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16
Q

Stats of a mand. 1st molar?

A

12 appearance, 15.5 calcification and occlusal at birth

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17
Q

Stats of a 2nd mand. molar?

A

12.5 weeks appearance, 18 calcification and most of occlusal at birth (yet it lacks calcification)

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18
Q

What tooth looks “alien”?

A

Mand. First

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19
Q

What is the recall rate of a child with high caries rate?

A

6 months

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20
Q

What is the regular recall rate of a child?

A

12-24 months

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21
Q

What is the recall rate of a teen with high caries?

A

6-12 months

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22
Q

What is the regular recall rate of a teen?

A

18-36 months

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23
Q

What is the FMX for kids?

A

16 films - 2 Occ., 2 BWs, 4 molar PAs, 4 canine PAs and 4+ perm molar PAs

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24
Q

How does premolar rate change with early extraction?

A
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25
Q

What is different about teeth in girls?

A

Mand. canine/premolars first

26
Q

What is the term that refers to the bluish-purplish area that precedes the eruption of a 2nd molar?

A

Eruption hematoma

27
Q

What term describes the attachment of a bony spicule that is in the pit of an erupting perm. molar?

A

Eruption Sequestrum

28
Q

What is the name of eruption cysts on the midpalatal raphe and where do they originate?

A

Epstein pearls, epithelial cells

29
Q

What is the name of eruption cysts on the alveolar rigdes and lateral palate and where do they originate?

A

Bohn nodules, mucous gland origin

30
Q

What is the name of eruption cysts on the alveolar crest and where do they originate?

A

Dental lamina cysts, dental lamina

31
Q

What tooth most frequently ankyloses?

A

Mand. primary molars

32
Q

How does Down Syndrome affect tooth development?

A

Slows it way down - 5 years for first set, 15 for second

33
Q

What causes mental retardation, dwarfism, large head and obesity?

A

Cretinism - Congenital hypothyroidism

34
Q

What is the caries rate in preschool children?

A

25-50%

35
Q

What is the caries rate in kids?

A

60-80%

36
Q

What two things make a caries considered “early childhood caries”?

A

Before 71 months on any surface or on any smooth surface before age 3

37
Q

What should Diagnodent be used for?

A

Occlusal hidden caries

38
Q

What is the best for incipient lesions?

A

QLF

39
Q

What is good for interproximals?

A

DIFOTI

40
Q

What is the Fluoride treatment recommendation?

A

0.5-1.0 mg/L

41
Q

What percentage NaF is used on a weekly basis?

A

0.2%

42
Q

What percentage NaF is used on a daily basis?

A

0.05%

43
Q

If less than 0.3ppm is present, how much fluoride should be administered at each age group?

A

6mo-3yr. = .25, 3-6 = .5 and 6-16 = 1

44
Q

If between 0.3 and 0.6 ppm is present, how much fluoride should be administered at each age group?

A

6mo-3yr = 0, 3-6 = .25 and 6-16 = .5

45
Q

What is pediatric undernutrition?

A

Dropping 20% on a growth curve

46
Q

What is the only vitamin to contain cobalt?

A

B12

47
Q

What percentiles represent overweight?

A

85-95%

48
Q

When is the best time to prevent obesity?

A

Preschool

49
Q

How many minutes of exercise are recommended for kids?

A

60 minutes

50
Q

What percentage of the population for each gender has an eating disorder?

A

5% females, 1% males

51
Q

What percentage of teen males/females binge and purge?

A

10% females and 3% males

52
Q

What is a good indicator that a girl is anorexic?

A

Missing 3 periods

53
Q

How long should a baby exclusively breast feed?

A

6 months

54
Q

When should an iron supplement be considered for a baby?

A

4 months

55
Q

What is the female athelete triad?

A
  1. Disordered eating, 2. amennorhea and 3. Osteoporosis
56
Q

What percentage of sealants need annual replacement?

A

5-10%

57
Q

How effective is a pulp test in kids?

A

Really ineffective

58
Q

What should be used to treat an indirect pulp exposure?

A

CaOH and IRM

59
Q

What should be used in a direct pulp cap?

A

CaOH

60
Q

What is used in a pulpotomy of permanent teeth?

A

CaOH or MTA

61
Q

What is used in a pulpotomy of a primary tooth?

A

Formocresol and ZOE

62
Q

What medicament is slowing replacing formocresol in pulpotomies?

A

Ferric sulfate

Orthodontics (8 decks)

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