Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

From Flashcardlet > Pediatrics: Evaluation of Strabismus and Amblyopia > Flashcards

Pediatrics: Evaluation of Strabismus and Amblyopia Flashcards

0
Q

corneal light reflex

A

what is “central” in the C of CSM?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

CSM method

A

tool to assess visual acuity in preverbal children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

steadiness

A

what does the “S” in CSM stand for?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

maintenance

A

what does the “M” in CSM stand for?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

induced tropia test

A

In a child without strabismus, maintenance of fixation must be tested using this method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

blinking, smooth pursuit

A

strong maintenance of fixation indicates persistence through these two distracting phenomena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

contour interaction bars

A

when evaluating amblyopic children, these should be used surrounding individual optotypes to induce the crowding phenomenon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

fogging

A

In a child with latent nystagmus, this technique may be useful to evaluate visual acuity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vergences

A

Which should generally be tested first, vergences or ductions?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cover tests, corneal light reflex tests, dissimilar image tests, dissimilar target tests

A

four basic types of ocular alignment tests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CSM method

A

what test should be passed before accurate cover testing can be employed?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

heterotropia

A

in the cover test, movement of the uncovered eye indicates the presence of this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

heterophoria

A

in the cover test, movement of the covered eye indicates the presence of this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

alternate cover test

A

which cover test measures the total deviation present (both phoria AND tropia)?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

simultaneous prism and cover test

A

cover test used to quantify the amount of heterotropia present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

uncentral (UC)

A

term for light reflex that is not centered in CSM (with abbreviation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

maintenance

A

In the CSM method, this is only tested under binocular conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

10-diopter prism, induced tropia test

A

required to test maintenance in a child with straight eyes (implement and test)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

amblyopia

A

a strong fixation preference for the contralateral eye indicates this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Teller acuity test, Cardiff acuity test

A

two types of preferential looking tests, the latter of which is preferred in Europe and at Wash U

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cardiff acuity test

A

acuity test for preverbal children that uses vanishing optotypes and preferential looking behavior to test visual acuity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Allen test

A

visual acuity test used in preschool children that does not conform to the accepted parameters for optotype design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

fogging

A

in patients with latent nystagmus that is brought on by monocular conditions, what technique can be used to assess acuity

23
Q

near vision testing

A

visual acuity testing that is important in assessing how well a child with low vision will perform in school

24
Q

cover test

A

test that proves the presence of a heterotropia detected on light reflex testing

25
Q

amblyopia

A

if the cover test does not produce alternating fixation in a heterotropic eye, this can be inferred

26
Q

prism and cover test

A

test used to measure (with prisms) total deviation

27
Q

simultaneous prism and cover test

A

test used to measure only heterotropia

28
Q

Krimsky test

A

Hirschberg test with prism correction

29
Q

abnormal angle kappa

A

the presence of this will confound corneal light reflex testing

30
Q

Bruckner test

A

test that uses the direct ophthalmoscope to detect strabismus (as well as anisometropia and media opacities)

31
Q

Lang fixation stick

A

.

32
Q

3:1

A

ratio of amplitude of near horizontal fusional vergences to far

33
Q

2:1

A

ratio of amplitude of fusional convergence to fusional divergence

34
Q

10 cm

A

normal upper limit of the near point of convergence

35
Q

Bruckner test

A

fully qualitative light reflex test of alignment

36
Q

Hirschberg test

A

semi-quantitative light reflex test of alignment

37
Q

Krimsky test

A

fully quantitative light reflex test of alignment

38
Q

cover-uncover test

A

qualitative cover test that measures tropia only

39
Q

alternate cover test

A

qualitative cover test that measures tropia AND phoria

40
Q

APCT

A

quantitative cover test that measures tropia AND phoria (the main one used in clinic–give acronym)

41
Q

SPCT

A

quantitative cover test that measures tropia only (give acronym)

42
Q

SPUCT

A

quantitative cover test that measures DVD (give acronym)

43
Q

true

A

TRUE or FALSE: corneal reflex tests DO NOT test for phorias

44
Q

large angle kappa

A

main reason for a large discrepancy for a difference between the Krimsky and APCT

45
Q

10 PD

A

a difference in deviation between near and far of greater than this suggest a high AC/A ratio

46
Q

cardinal positions of gaze

A

term for the six positions measured during versions

47
Q

Hess screen, Lancaster red-green test, major amblyoscope

A

three dissimilar target tests used in strabismus testing

48
Q

incomitant

A

dissimilar target tests are generally most useful for this type of strabismus

49
Q

Maddox rod test, double Maddox rod test, red-glass test

A

three dissimilar image tests used in strabismus testing

50
Q

fusional convergence

A

because this cannot be controlled, dissimilar image tests are inadequate to measure the degree of strabismus

51
Q

10 PD

A

according to the heterophoria method and increase in esophoria by this amount between distance and near is generally considered to represent a high AC/A

52
Q

gradient method

A

method used in the clinic to measure AC/A: compare near deviation with and without +3.00 lens

53
Q

vertical, exodeviation

A

two groups of long-standing deviations in which very large fusional vergences are commonly seen

54
Q

orthoptic exercises, spectacle correction, decreasing bifocal add

A

three methods to improve fusional vergence mechanisms

From Flashcardlet (61 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions