Glaucoma: Introduction Flashcards

(44 cards)

0
Q

juxtacanalicular network

A

identify the normal site of greatest resistance to aqueous outflow

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1
Q

a group of diseases that have in common a characteristic optic neuropathy with associated visual field loss for which elevated IOP is one of the primary risk factors

A

define glaucoma

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2
Q

juxtacanalicular network

A

generally understood to be the site of pathology in primary glaucoma

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3
Q

opitc disc, visual field

A

Of these three: optic disc, visual field, IOP, which two can be suspicious and still maintain a diagnosis of glaucoma suspect and not frank glaucoma?

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4
Q

most frequent cause of nonreversible blindness in blacks

A

superlative statistic for glaucoma

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5
Q

morning

A

time of day during which IOP TYPICALLY peaks

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6
Q

age, race, decreased corneal thickness, increased IOP, family history

A

FIVE solid risk factors for POAG

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7
Q

increased diurnal IOP variation, diabetes, myopia

A

THREE possible but not proven risk factors for POAG

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8
Q

sex, hypertension, vascular disease

A

THREE controversial risk factors for POAG

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9
Q

3.5

A

In the Baltimore Eye Survey, what was the relative prevalence of glaucoma among whites in their 8th decade versus whites in the 5th decade

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10
Q

7.4

A

In the Baltimore Eye Survey, what was the relative prevalence of glaucoma among blacks in their 8th decade versus whites in the 5th decade

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11
Q

increased disc size, thinner corneas, higher IOPs

A

three hypothesized reasons for increased prevalence of POAG among blacks

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12
Q

more screening

A

what might confound a connection between diabetics and higher rates of POAG observed?

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13
Q

Inuits

A

population with the highest incidence of PACG

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14
Q

asians-whites-blacks

A

list these populations by risk of PACG: blacks, asians, whites (DASHES)

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15
Q

3

A

relative risk of women having PACG

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16
Q

age, race, gender, hyperopia, family history

A

four risk factors for PACG

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17
Q

10%

A

prevalence of POAG among siblings of patients with glaucoma

18
Q

TIGR/MYOC

A

The first open-angle glaucoma gene, primarily associated with JOAG, but mutated in 3% of POAG cases

19
Q

TIGR/MYOC

A

gene that may be implicated in IOP response of certain individuals to steroid therapy

20
Q

GLC1A

A

TIGR/MYOC locus

21
Q

myocilin

A

TIGR/MYOC gene product

22
Q

GLC1B, GLC1E

A

two loci associated with normal tension glaucoma

23
Q

optineurin

A

GLC1E gene product

24
GLC1C, GLC1D
two loci associated with POAG (high-pressure)
25
GLC3A, GLC3B
two congenital glaucoma loci
26
preperimetric glaucoma
new visual field testing modalities hope to catch this group of patients
27
combined mechanism glaucoma
the major member of this group in glaucoma includes patients who have been successfully treated for PACG but continue to have elevated IOP
28
1.86%
incidence of POAG among patients over the age of 40
29
visual field < 20 degrees
the more common cutoff of legal blindness achieved by glaucoma sufferers
30
Barbados Eye Study
this study documented the highest prevalence of glaucoma (7% in patients over 40) among its population
31
Rotterdam Study
this study documented a meager prevalence of glaucoma (0.8% in patients over 40 years) among its population
32
15
if you are over 40, your risk of blindness from glaucoma is increased by this proportion if you are black versus white
33
age, African ancestry, visual field severity, cup-disc ratio, central corneal thickness
name the seven risk factors for glaucomatous progression identified in the OHTS
34
false
TRUE or FALSE: hypertension is a risk factor for glaucomatous progression
35
AGIS, OHTS
two studies that found T2DM to be protective in risk of progression of glaucomatous damage
36
overnight
when does IOP peak for most patients
37
age
the only PACG risk factor that parallels a POAG risk factor
38
Finnish Twin Cohort Study
study that supports a genetic component for glaucoma
39
tritanomaly
color vision change in glaucoma
40
contrast sensitivity
though Snellen acuity is preserved until late, this may be lost early in glaucoma
41
60-80%
POAG represents this percentage of adult glaucomas
42
3x
relative risk of POAG with myopia
43
access of vasocative amines to optic nerve head
theorized role of peripapillary atrophy in glaucoma