Pediatrics Flashcards
When do children first exhibit separation anxiety? When is gender identity typically formed?
9 month
2-3 year old
How doul you expect weight to increase in the first 2 years of life?
doubles 4 month
triples 12 month
quadruples 24 months
How many total DTaP vaccine should a 6 year old have received?
5
At what age is the meningococcal vaccine indicated?
11-12
What medications and interventions are used in the treatment of cerebral palsy to alleviate contractures and improve function?
dantrolene, baclofen, benzo, botox
PT, bracing, surgery
Rash described by spider webbing or marbling of the skin, non concerning.
cutis marmorata
Rash described by 2-3 mm yellow pustule with red base arising in first 24-72 hours, microscopic examination of the pustular contents reveal numerous eosinophils?
erythema toxicum neonatorum
Rash described by intense reddening of gravity dependent side and blanching of the nondependent side with line of demarcation between the two, lasts a few sec-min, affects 10% of newborns. Benign and will resolve in days to 3 weeks.
harlequin color change
Rash described by permanent vascular malofrmations most commonly on nape of neck, but also upper eyelids and middle of forehead, benign but permanent.
macular stains
Rash described by accumulation of sweat beneath eccrine sweat ducts that are obstructed by keratin at the stratum corneum in first week after birth associated with excess warmth. No treatment needed.
milia
Rash described by bluish discoloration over buttocks and base of spine, probably present on at least one of the parents. Benign and fades 1-2 years.
mongolian spots
Rash described by maternal hormone stimulation of sebaceous glands, usually at 3 weeks old. Mild lesions can be left alone will resolve in 4 months.
neonatal acne
Rash described by onset 3-4 months of age, yellow papules around nose and cheeks,k usually clears by age 1 but may persist until age 3.
infantile acne
Rash described by superficial pustules overlying hyperpigmented macules. Tell parents to leave alone.
transient neonatal pustular melanosis
age majority of fontanelles are closed?
24 months
how many kilocalorise are in an ounce of breast milk? formula?
20 kcal/ounce
1 killer of adolescents and why?
accidents, risk taking behavior
3C’s of rubeola?
cough
coryza
conjunctivitis
Causes of desquamation of their hands and feet?
scarlet fever kawasaki TSS SJS acrodynia
Which viral infection is characterized by sudden high fevers for 3-4 days but is otherwise asymptomatic? A rash will often appear when the fever dissipates?
HHV6
Immunodeficiency with congenital heart defect + low calcium + recurrent infection
digeorge
Immunodeficiency with chronic mucocutaenous candidiasis + chronic diarrhea + failure to thrive
SCID
Immunodeficiency with negative nitroblue tetrazolium test
CGD
Immunodeficiency with poor smooth pursuit of eyes + eelvated AFP after 8 months
ataxia telangiectasia
Immunodeficiency with partial albinism + recurrent URIs + neurological disorders
chediak higashi
Immunodeficiency with T cell dysfunction vs c albicans
chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
Immunodeficiency with x linked be cell deficiency and recurrent bacterial infections after 6 months
bruton agammaglobulinemia
Immunodeficiency with chronic sinus and lung infections, associated with atopy and asthma, anaphylaxis to blood transfusion and blood products
IgA deficiency
Immunodeficiency with thrombo, purpura, eczema, recurrent pyogenic infections
Wiskott aldrich
Immunodeficiency with high levels of IgE, eosinophils and triad eczema, cold s aureus abscesses, coarse facial features broad nose prominent forehead deep set eyes and doughy skin
hyper IgE syndrome - Job syndrome
Immunodeficiency with delayed separation of umbilical cord, abnormal integrins
leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome
What is cradle cap and what is the treatment?
seborrheic dermatitis
treatment: selenium sulfide shampoo, topical antifungals
cuase of bilious emesis in a newborn within hours after the first feeding
duodenal atresia
female child is in the 80th percentile for height and the 25th percentile for head circumference, what chromo abnormality?
XXX
Genetic disorder with cleft lip/palate, life expenctancy
patau
Genetic disorder with high pitched cat like cry
cri du chat
Genetic disorder with elfin facial features, cardiac defects
williams
Genetic disorder with tall thin man with gynecomastia and testicular atrophy
klinefelter
Genetic disorder with obesity and overeating
prader willi
Genetic disorder with micrognathia, life expency
edwards
Genetic disorder with happy mood, inappropriate laughter, ataxic gait
angelman
Genetic disorder with large ears intellectual disability, macroorchidism
fragile x
Genetic disorder with intellectual disability, simian crease, GI and cardiac defects
downs
Genetic disorder with short stature, infertility, coarctation of the aorta
turners
glycogen storage disease with lactic acidosis, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia
type 1 (von gierke)
glycogen storage disease with diaphragm weakness, respiratory failure
type 2 (pompi)
glycogen storage disease with increased glycogen in liver, severe fasting hypoglycemia
type 1 (von gierke)
glycogen storage disease with hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia (nl kidneys, lactate, urice acid)
type 3 (cori)
glycogen storage disease with painful muscle cramps, myoglobinuria with strenuous exercise
type 5 (mcardles)
glycogen storage disease with severe hepatosplenomegaly, enlarged kidneys
type 1 (von gierkes)
Vitamin deficiency with increased RBC fragility
vitamin E
Vitamin deficiency with dermatitis, cheilosis, glossitis
B2, B3, B9, B12
Vitamin deficiency with peripheral neuropathy, angular cheilosis, glossitis
B12
Vitamin deficiency with hemorrhagic disease
vit k
Vitamin deficiency with neural tube defects
folic acid
Vitamin deficiency with dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia
vit B3 (niacin)
Vitamin deficiency with megaloblastic anemia
folic acid, vit B12
Vitamin deficiency with pernicious anemia
vit B12
Vitamin deficiency with bitot’s spots, keratomalacia, xerophthalmia
vit A
Vitamin deficiency with osteomalacia
vit D
Vitamin deficiency with rickets
vit D
Vitamin used to treat acne and psoriasis
vit a
vitamin used in hydroxylation of prolyl residues
vit c
vitamim required intrinsic factor for absorption
vit B12
vitamin deficiency may result from kidney disease
vit d
vitamin given prophylactically to newborns
vit k
vitamin can be used to elevate HDL and lower LDL
vit B3
vitamin given to patients taking isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathy
vit B6
vitamin where cobalt is found within it
B12
