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Leik > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

Red flags for growth and development is changes in >/= ____ percentile lines

A

> /= 2 percentile line

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2
Q

People w/ downs are at higher risk for what MSK injury?

A

spinal cord injury

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3
Q

Round face that appears flat, upward slanding eyes and low set years, simian crease on hands and macroglossia and poor moro reflex

A

Downs

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4
Q

Microcephaly, shortened palpebral fissures and flat nasal bridge, ears are underdeveloped

A

FASD

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5
Q

conjunctivitis within 2-5 days after birth is likely

A

Gonorrhea

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6
Q

Conjunctivities that is 4-10 days after birth with watery discharge then purulent discharge is likely
What other test is important to rule out complications?

A

chlamydia
NP swab for chlamydial pneumonia

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7
Q

Weight loss beyond ___ % in neonates is abnormal

A

7%

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8
Q

Name this rash?
What is the prognosis

A

Erythema toxicum neonatorum
Lasts 1-2 weeks and resolves spontaneously

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9
Q

Cafe au lait spots, when concerning

A

macular brown spots, >/= 6 spots > 5mm
Rule out neurofibromatosis

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10
Q

When is a port wine stain concerning?
Who to refer to? What to rule out?

A

upper or lower eyelid on v1 or v2 branches of trigeminal nerve
refer to opthamologist to rule out congenital cataracts

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11
Q

Painful abdomen in toddler with mass that is firm, irregular and crosses midline
What organ is affected

A

Adrenal glands
Neuroblastoma

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12
Q

Horners syndrome
Note: Horner syndrome can result from a lesion anywhere along a three-neuron sympathetic (adrenergic) pathway that originates in the hypothalamus

A

miosis, ptosis and anhidrosis

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13
Q

Vision is 20/20 by what age?

A

6 years

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14
Q

Term for misalignment of the eyes
Term for lazy eye

A

Strabismus
Ambylopia

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15
Q

Greater than ___ line difference in snellen chart is concerning

A

Refer to opthamology
2 line

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16
Q

High risk factors for hearing loss: HEARS mnemonic

A

hyperbilirubinemia
Ear infections
Apgar scores low at birth
Rubella/Cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis
Seizures

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16
Q

High risk factors for hearing loss: HEARS mnemonic

A

hyperbilirubinemia
Ear infections
Apgar scores low at birth
Rubella/Cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis
Seizures

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17
Q

Screen for iron deficiency at ___ to ___ months

A

9-12 months

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18
Q

Screen for iron deficiency at ___ to ___ months

A

9-12 months

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19
Q

caput succedaneum does not cross midline. T/F?

A

False

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20
Q

Head circumference is measured up to ____ age

A

3 years

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21
Q

Cephalohematoma

A

Does not cross suture lines

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22
Q

Infants double their birth weight by _____ months and triple their weight by _____

A

6 months
12 month s

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23
Q

Start measuring height at ___ years

A

2 years

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24
Q

When to refer for chroptorchidism

A

4-12 months for urology

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25
Q

Moro reflex disappears by ____ months

A

3-4 months

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26
Q

What reflex dissapears by 6 weeks of age

A

stepping reflex

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27
Q

T/F A strong moro reflex in an older infant > 6 months is abnormal and indicates brain injury

A

Truw

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28
Q

What is the only vaccine that is given at birth?

A

Hep B vaccine

29
Q

What tetanus diptheria vaccine to give if < 7 years and > 7 years?

A

DTAP < 7 years
TDAP > 7 years

30
Q

Varicella and MMR vaccines are started at what age?

A

12 months

31
Q

At what age to children follow objects past midline

A

2 months

32
Q

Smiles spontaneously and begins to babble

A

4 months

33
Q

Palmar grasp and passes from one hand to another

A

6 months

34
Q

Rolls over in both directions

A

6 months

35
Q

Pincer grasp, waves and claps hands

A

9 months

36
Q

T/F absence of babble by 9 months is red flag for development

A

True

37
Q

Can follow simple directions and say 2-4 words by what age?

A

12 months

38
Q

Jaundice that starts after 24 hours and usually clears up within 2-3 weeks

A

Physiological jaundice

39
Q

Jaundice that starts after 1 week and peaks 2-3 weeks and resolves in > 1 month

A

Breast milk jaundice

40
Q

Infant colic rule of 3’s

A

Resolves in 3-4 months, occuring > 3 days per week for > 3 hours - normally occurring at same time each day

41
Q

T/F. normal finding is higher BP in arms than legs

A

True

42
Q

Painful abdorminal mass that is firm, irregular and FREQUENTLY crosses midline

A

Neuroblastom

43
Q

asymptomatic abdominal mass that extends from flank towards midline, RARELY crosses midline

A

Wilms tumor/Nephroblastom

44
Q

Hot potato voice and severe sore throat and drooling AND what is the most common bacterial cause?

A

Epiglottis H. flu

45
Q

T/F. Osteomyelitis is less common in infants than adults

A

False, more common in children/infants

46
Q

What is a serious complication of rhinosinusitis, AOM and dental infection

A

Periorbital cellulitis

47
Q

RF = child is ___ years of age or older and is voiding at night

A

5 years

48
Q

ASD screening starts at ___ to _____ months

A

18-24

49
Q

Red flags
No babbling or cooing by ___ months
No single words by ___ months
No two word phrases by ___ months

A

12
16
24

50
Q

WARM CREAM Kawasaki

A

Fever x 5 days
Conjunctivitis
Rash
Palmar erythema
Adenopathy
Mucous membranes - strawberry tongue

51
Q

Koplik spots are pathomnemonic for

A

Measles

52
Q

3 imms needed at 11 & 12 years

A

HPV
Tdap
Men-C

53
Q

pain over malignant areas following ETOH consumption

A

Hodgkins lymphoma

54
Q

Precocious puberty is if puberty starts before ___ years
Delayed pubutry is no breast development by age ___ years

A

8
12

55
Q

After tanner stage II, females start menarche in ___ to ___ years

A

1-2 years following

56
Q

Age of precocious puberty in males
Age of delayed puberty in males if no testicular growth by ___ years

A

9
14 years

57
Q

Name the tanner stage:
Increased rugation of scrotum

A

II

58
Q

Name the tanner stage:
Penis elongates, scrotal color darkens

A

III

59
Q

Name the tanner stage:
Penis thickens

A

IV

60
Q

Breast bud
Name the tanner stage:

A

II

61
Q

Name the tanner stage:
One mound breast tissue and areola

A

III

62
Q

Secondary breast mounds
Name the tanner stage:

A

IV

63
Q

Sparse straight hair
Name the tanner stage:

A

II

64
Q

Pubic hair starts to curl
Name the tanner stage:

A

III

65
Q

Hair curly but not yet on medial thigh
Name the tanner stage

A

IV

66
Q

Primary amenorrhea, no menses by age of ____ years, no breast development by ___ years and absence of pubic hair by ____ years

A

15 years
13
14

67
Q

Pain to tibial tuberosity in adolescents that are active

A

Osgood shlatter

68
Q

Born with extra X chromosome. One of the causes of primary hypogonadism

A

Kleinfelter

69
Q

Females with complete or absence of secondary sex chromosome. Webbed neck. High arched palate and short 4th metacarpal

A

Turners Syndrome

70
Q

Enlarged breasts without breast bud or disk like breast tissue palpable

A

Pseudogynecomastia

71
Q

Name the condition

A

Stasis dermatitis

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