Pediatric Sepsis Flashcards
Why is a tracheostomy a risk for sepsis?
Bypasses the airway defenses
What are the labs that should be obtained in a patient with a tracheostomy?
Get a tracheal aspirate
What is the definition of colonization?
to be carried on the skin or airway without causing disease
What is the definition of infection?
An inflammatory response to a pathogen in a normally sterile area
What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation?
- calor
- rubor
- tumor
- dolor
- functio laeso
What is procalcitonin?
Nonspecific Inflammatory marker like CRP
What is a fever?
100.4 F or 38 C
What is the normal diurnal variation with temperature?
Lowest in the morning, highest in the evening
How does temperature vary with age?
Slightly higher in infants
What is the gold standard temperature measurement?
Rectal
What factors may affect TM temp measurement?
Affected by cerumen impaction, or OM
Why is the axilla an innacurate place to check temperature?
Sweat will decrease temp
What prostaglandin is the main contributor to fever?
PGE2
What is the definition of SIRS in children? (4)
- Temp of more than 38 or less than 36
- HR more than 90 or 2 SDs above for age
- RR more than 30 or 2 SDs above for age OR PaCO2 less than 32
- WBC more than 15k, less than 5k, or more than 10% bands
What are the temperatures that define SIRS?
More than 38 or less than 36
What are the heart rates that define SIRS?
More than 90 or 2 SD above the mean
What are the respiratory rates that define SIRS?
More than 30 or 2 SDs above for age
What is the PaCO2 that defines SIRS?
Less than 32
What are the ranges of WBCs that define SIRS? (3)
More than 15k
Less than 5k
More than 10% bands
What are the normal vital signs of 1 month old?
120-160 HR
40-60 breaths
SIRS + infection = ?
sepsis
What is bacteremia?
Viable bacteria in the blood
What defines severe sepsis?
Sepsis with associated organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion, or hypotension
What causes the lactic acidosis with sepsis?
Lack of perfusion of the muscles