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Infectious Disease > Childhood Immunizations > Flashcards

Childhood Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

What is the schedule of immunizations based on?

A

Optimize individual immune response, as well as promote community immunity

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2
Q

What is the basis of the discussion regarding vaccination?

A

Risks vs benefits

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3
Q

What is the problem with the “attack by antigens” idea?

A

We fight way more antigens daily than giving in vaccine

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4
Q

Who is the jerk who falsely linked vaccination to autism? How many people were involved in this study?

A

Dr. Wakefield

12 patients total

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5
Q

What is the first vaccine given? When?

A

Hep B

at birth and 1 and 2 months

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6
Q

What are the three risks of the Hep B vaccine?

A

Soreness

Temperature (99.9F)

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7
Q

How many doses are given for the Hep B vaccine?

A

3-4 doses

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8
Q

What are the vaccines that are given at 2 months? (5)

A 
Hep B
TDaP
HiB
PCV
IPV
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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of giving less shots and spreading out?

A

Prolongs times between shots, increases risk for infectious disease

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10
Q

What is the best way to minimize the shots given?

A

Give more combination vaccines

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11
Q

Do you have to discuss every vaccine given, or can you give them a sheet with info, and document that they read it?

A

Give them the document

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12
Q

What is the IRIS?

A

Immunization registry information system–computerized record of vaccination that is available to providers

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13
Q

Should you delay immunization for mild illnesses (e.g. mild temp, cold, rhinorrhea, diarrhea etc)?

A

No

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14
Q

Should you immunize for other diseases if the child has a more than mild illness (e.g. fever more than 101, flu, etc)?

A

No

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15
Q

What chronic diseases should not receive vaccinations? (3)

A
  • Immunosuppressed
  • CA
  • Severe allergic reaction to previous shots
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16
Q

What is the VIS?

A

Form for the IRIS system

17
Q

When should flu shots be given?

A

6 months onward

18
Q

What are the new vaccines that are given at the 12 month period? (3)

A

MMR
Varicella
Hep A

19
Q

When should DTaP shot be given?

A

15 and 18 months

20
Q

What are the risks of getting the varicella vaccine? (2 + rare)

A
  • Mild rash
  • Fever/pain/swelling
  • Very rare–Pneumonia +szs
21
Q

What are the risks of NOT getting the varicella vaccine?

A
  • Encephalitis
  • Death
  • Necrotizing fasciitis 2/2/ MRSA
22
Q

When is the HPV vaccine given?

A

11 yo

23
Q

What is the appropriate response to giving the HPV vaccine?

A

I am not suggesting they’re having sex, but I need to give it now before they even have a chance to get it

24
Q

How many serotypes does the HPV vaccine protect against?

A

9 serotypes

25
Q

What are the risks of the HPV vaccine?

A
  • Pain/erythema
  • HA maybe
  • Swelling
26
Q

What is the risk of NOT getting the HPV vaccine?

A

Increased risk for cervical and anal cancers

27
Q

Do you still give the HPV vaccine if a 16 yo kid has already had sex?

A

Yes

28
Q

How do you approach the vaccine refusers? (3)

A
  • Listen to concerns
  • Discuss benefits/risks
  • Discuss at subsequent visits
29
Q

Should aspiration be used for IM injections?

A

No

30
Q

What, generally, is the last vaccine given in a round of shots?

A

Most painful last

31
Q

How do you improve pain control prior to 2 yo?

A

Breast or formula feed them during

32
Q

How do you improve pain control 0-3 yo?

A

Hold child

33
Q

What position should patients be in when given vaccine and they’re greater than 3 years old?

A

Upright

34
Q

Is restraining children appropriate to give vaccine?

A

No

35
Q

What age should topical pain analgesics be used prior to immunizations?

A

Before 12 years

36
Q

Under what age should parents always be present during vaccination?

A

Under 10 years

Infectious Disease (18 decks)

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