Pediatric Pathology

Question 1

Test for infant death to determine whether respiration took place on a newborn before death

Answer 1

Fodere’s test (hydrostatic test)

Question 2

Test that involves floating of the stomach in water to determine presence of air

Answer 2

Breslou’s test

Question 3

Hallmark of necrotizing enterocolitis

Answer 3

Pneumatosis intestinalis

Question 4

Treatment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Answer 4

Early decompression (NGT)
Fluids
Antibiotics

Question 5

Accumulation of edema fluid im the fetus during intrauterine growth

Answer 5

Fetal hydrops

Question 6

Common cause of immune hydrops

Answer 6

Rh incompatibility

D-antigen

Question 7

Causes of Non-immune hydrops

Answer 7

Anemia
Parvovirus B19
Twin-twin transfusion

Question 8

Prevention of Immune hydrops

Answer 8

Administration of Rhogam at 28wks AOG, and within 72hrs of delivery/abortion

Question 9

Kernicterus

Answer 9

Bilirubin deposits in basal ganglia

(>20mg/dL) + seizures

Question 10

Autosomal recessive inability to covert phenylalanine into tyrosine

Mousy odor, MR

Answer 10

Phenylketonuria (phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency)

Question 11

Most common variant of galactosemia.

Answer 11

Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase deficiency

Question 12

Most common lethal gentic disease that affects Caucasian population

Answer 12

Cystic fibrosis

Question 13

Common cause of death in cystic fibrosis

Answer 13

Respiratory infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 14

Most common cause of death of an infant younger than 1 year old

Answer 14

Sudden infant death syndrome

Question 15

Most common finding in SIDS

Answer 15

Multiple petechiae

Question 16

Sleeping position for infants with reduced incidence of SIDS

Answer 16

Supine

Question 17

Most common tumor of infancy

Answer 17

Hemangioma

Question 18

The most common teratoma of chilhood

Answer 18

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

Question 19

Tumors of the sympathetic ganglia and adrenal medulla derived from neural crest cells

Answer 19

Neuroblastoma

Question 20

Most common cause extracranial solid tumor of childhood

Answer 20

Neuroblastoma

Question 21

Neuroblastoma morphology

Answer 21

Neuropil
Homer-wright rosettes
Blueberry muffin baby

Question 22

Homer-Wright Rosettes are found in?

Answer 22

Neuroblastoma
Medulloblastoma
Primitive neuroectodermsl tumors

Question 23

Flexner-Wintersteiner Rosette

Answer 23

Retinoblastoma

Question 24

Perivascular Pseudorosette

Answer 24

Ependymomas

But also in:
Medulloblastoma
PNET
Central neurocytoma
Glioblastoma

Question 25

Most common primary renal tumor of childhood

Answer 25

Wilms tumor (synchronous vs. metachronous)

Question 26

Gene mutation in Wilms Tumor

Answer 26

WT1 gene mutation

Question 27

Amplification of N-MYC oncogene

Answer 27

Neuroblastoma

Question 28

Solid airless lungs that usually sink in water, a disorder of prematurity

Answer 28

Hyaline membrane disease