Environmental And Nutritional Pathology

Question 1

Lead poisoning serum level with decreased IQ

Answer 1

10ug/mL

Question 2

Presents with microcytic hypochromic anemia

Answer 2

IdA
Thalassemia
Lead poisoning

Question 3

Lead poisoning level with frank anemia, nephorpathy, colic and encephalopathy

Answer 3

100ug/mL

Question 4

Level of Lead poisoning that causes death

Answer 4

150 ug/mL

Question 5

Poisoning that causes peripheral demyelinating neuropathy in adults.

Results in wristdrop and footdrop

Answer 5

Lead

Question 6

Impaired uric acid secretion in lead poisoning. PCT with lead inclusions

Answer 6

Saturnine gout

Question 7

Drug of choice for acute management of lead poisoning

Answer 7

EDTA +/- Dimercaprol

Question 8

Drug of choice for outpatient management of lead poisoning

Answer 8

Succimer

Question 9

Sources of mercury poisoning

Answer 9

Contaminated fish
Dental amalgam

Mercury vapors
Gold mining

Question 10

Mercury poisoning that manifest with cerebral palsy, deafness, blindness, and metal retardation

Answer 10

Minamata disease (methylmercury)

Question 11

The main protective mechanism against mercury poisoning

Answer 11

Intracellular glutathione

Question 12

Milk and roses complexion and hyperkeratosis

Answer 12

Arsenic poisoning

Question 13

Transverse bands in nails found in arsenic poisoning

Answer 13

Mee’s lines

Question 14

Associated malignancies of arsenic poisoning

Answer 14

SCCA skin
Liver angiosarcoma
Lung cancer

Question 15

Most common exogenous cause of human cancers

Answer 15

Tobacco

Question 16

Most preventable cause of human death

Answer 16

Tobacco

Question 17

Carcinogens in tobacco

Answer 17

Tar
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Benzopyrene
Nitrosamine

Question 18

Metabolizes alcohol to acetyldehyde

Answer 18

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 19

Participates in metabolism of high levels of alcohol

Answer 19

Microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS)

Question 20

Sharp margins with severed bridging blood vessels

Answer 20

Incision

Question 21

Jagged tear with intact bridging blood vessels

Answer 21

Laceration

Question 22

Burns confined to the epidermis

Answer 22

Superficial

Question 23

Burns that involve injury to the dermis

Pink mottled and painful, with coagulative necrosis

Answer 23

Partial-thickness burns

Question 24

Burns that extend to the subcutaneous tissue, may also damage the muscle tissue

White charred dry and painless

Answer 24

Full-thickness burns

Question 25

Most common hyperthermic syndrome, sudden inset collapse and prostration d/t failure of cardiovascular compensation to hypovolemia

Answer 25

Heat exhaustion

Question 26

Nitrosylation of ryanodine receptor type 1 that leads to hyperthmia and muscle contractors in response to exposure to common anesthetics

Answer 26

Malignant hyperthermia

Question 27

Drugs implicated in malignant hyperthermia

Answer 27

Halothane | Succinylcholine

Question 28

Drug of choice in treating malignant hyperthermia

Answer 28

Dantrolene

Question 29

Action of AC type electrical injury

Answer 29

Tetanic contractions (more dangerous)

Question 30

Most radiosensitive tissue

Answer 30

Lymphoid tissue Bone marrow Mucosa of GI tract Germinal tissue

Question 31

Least radiosensitive tissues

Answer 31

Bone Brain Muscle Skin

Question 32

Hallmark of radiation injury

Answer 32

Fibrosis and vascular changes

Question 33

BMI considered malnourished

Question 34

deficiency of all nutrients, extremities are emaciated, normal serum albumin

Answer 34

Marasmus

Question 35

Hallmark of marasmus

Answer 35

Emaciated extremities

Question 36

Most common form of protein-energy malnutrition

Answer 36

Kwashiorkor

Question 37

Associated with sever loss of visceral protein, with generealized or dependent edema

Answer 37

Kwashiorkor

Question 38

Enlarged fatty liver in kwashiorkor is due to

Answer 38

Apolipoprotein B-100 deficiency

Question 39

Small bowel changes in kwashiorkor

Answer 39

Mucosal atrophy | Loss of villi and microvilli

Question 40

Has the highest death rate of any psychiatric disorder

Answer 40

Anorexia nervosa

Question 41

Calluses on back of the hands from repeated trauma from the incisors seen in bulimia nervosa

Answer 41

Russel's sign

Question 42

Manifestation of Vitamin A deficiency

Answer 42

Nyctalopia Xerophthalmia Bitot spots Keratomalacia Squamous metaplasia Renal calculi Total blindness

Question 43

Effects of vitamin A toxicity

Answer 43

``` Papilledema Pseudomotor cerebri Seizures Hepatitis Bone pains ```

Question 44

Vitamin D deficiency

Answer 44

Genu varum Craniotabes Rachitic rosary Pigeon breast deformity

Question 45

Vitamin C deficiency

Answer 45

Scurvy Bleeding gums Loosened teeth Poor wound healing Perifollicular hemorrhage

Question 46

Selenium deficiency

Answer 46

Cardiomayopqthy (keshan disease)

Question 47

Zinc deficiency

Answer 47

Acrodermatitis enteropathica

Question 48

Cherry red color of the skin and mucous membranes

Answer 48

Acute carbon monoxide poisoning