Pediatric Othotics Flashcards
What is the goal for coverage area in orthotics?
Maximize coverage area
What should be provided for effective orthotic function?
Provide sufficient leverage
What is the comfort consideration percentage mentioned?
57%
What is a key comfort consideration in orthotics?
Minimize pressure
What are the types of pressure systems in orthotics?
Three-point force system and four-point pressure system
What type of pressure is used in some orthotic designs?
Circumferential/total contact pressure
What are the types of Ankle Foot Orthoses (AFOs)?
Non-articulating (solid) AFOs and articulating AFOs with various joint designs
What are special orthotic considerations for Down Syndrome?
Individualize orthotic design and consider patient’s specific functional needs
What are key recommendations for orthotic design?
Prioritize goals, ensure comfort and wearability, and conduct regular follow-up and assessment
What is important regarding footwear for orthotic users?
Use removable inserts and choose extra depth shoes
What types of shoes should be avoided?
Avoid sandals, slip-ons, and canvas shoes
What type of shoe closure is preferred?
Prefer laced or velcro closure
What is essential for ongoing orthotic effectiveness?
Continuous assessment of orthotic effectiveness
What type of review is important in orthotic research?
Systematic review of orthotic interventions
What is the main takeaway of the lecture?
The lecture focuses on understanding orthotic needs for pediatric patients, emphasizing a patient-centered approach to selecting and designing orthoses (braces) that address individual functional goals and challenges.
What are the key objectives of the lecture?
- Improve ability to identify orthotic needs of pediatric clients
- Enhance orthotic evaluation skills
- Improve orthotic recommendations
- Develop problem-solving abilities
- Understand orthotic needs for various pediatric diagnoses
- Familiarize with orthotic needs post-intervention
What is the fundamental approach discussed in the lecture?
P.T.G. (Patient, Task, Goal)
What patient considerations are important for orthotic needs?
Age, Diagnosis, Functional level, Family needs, Medical history
What are the key evaluations for ambulatory tasks?
Stability in stance/balance, Foot clearance, Pre-positioning for initial contact, Step length, Energy conservation
What are the key evaluations for non-ambulatory tasks?
Contracture management, Wound healing, Positioning
What are the orthotic goals?
Correction of joint alignment, Assistance with standing/walking, Improving upright stability, Prevention/reduction of contractures, Prolonged low-load stretch
What are the therapeutic benefits of orthoses?
Force Application Principles: Resist motion, Assist motion, Transfer force, Protect body parts
What comfort considerations should be taken into account?
Minimize pressure, Maximize coverage, Provide sufficient leverage
What is Group 1 in Winters Gait Classification?
Foot drop during swing, flat foot/forefoot contact, excessive hip/knee flexion, adequate dorsiflexion during stance.
What characterizes Group 2 in Winters Gait Classification?
More constant plantarflexion throughout gait.
What are the characteristics of Group 3 in Winters Gait Classification?
Progressing to knee hyperextension and increased lumbar lordosis.
What defines Group 4 in Winters Gait Classification?
Most severe pattern, limited hip movement, significantly increased lumbar lordosis.
What are the risks associated with gait compensation?
Increased energy expenditure, potential musculoskeletal deformities, possible surgical intervention requirements.
What are Articulating AFOs?
Types of Ankle-Foot Orthoses (AFOs).
What are the characteristics of Articulating AFOs?
They have a joint allowing motion.
What are the types of joints in Articulating AFOs?
Overlapping, Oklahoma, and Tamarack.
What is the purpose of Resting/Non-Ambulatory AFOs?
Designed for prevention of contracture and to maintain/improve range of motion.
What are the types of Resting/Non-Ambulatory AFOs?
Pressure Relieving AFO (PRAFO), Multi-Podus, Custom Nighttime AFO, and Derotational Bar.
What are the AFO Impact Factors?
Foot segment length, foot plate rigidity, ankle-foot area rigidity, orthosis height, material stiffness, and ankle angle.
What are recommended footwear features?
Removable inserts and extra depth shoes.
What types of footwear should be avoided?
Sandals, slip-ons, and canvas shoes.
What types of footwear are preferred?
Laced or Velcro closure and specialized adaptive shoes.
What are some outcome measurement tools?
Gait Deviation Index (GDI), Salfort Gait Tool (SF-GT), Visual Gait Assessment, and Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM).
What considerations should be made for individuals with Down Syndrome?
Excessive range of motion, hypotonia, ligamentous laxity, and pronation of subtalar joint.
What is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
A genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness.
What are the orthotic goals for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
- Positioning/Alignment
- Support during transfers
- Maintaining Range of Motion
What are some specialized shoe brands for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
- Markell TM 2000
- Keeping Pace
- Hatchback
What are some specialized socks for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
- Smart Knit AFO/KAFO socks
- Silver Max AFO liner socks
