Pediatric Audiology (Final) Flashcards
What are MRL’s?
Minimum response levels
T/F MRL’s are higher in intensity than thresholds are
True
Why are MRL’s used in pediatrics?
Young children do not respond to acoustic stimuli at threshold, they respond when it is a little higher in intensity than their actual threshold
What kind of response are you looking for from young children?
Behavioral responses.
Changes in action as a response to sound
T/F If there is no response from the child you report it as not heard
False. We can’t say if they did not hear it, they might have heard and just not responded
T/F Time matters when testing children
True
What are the 4 major ways hearing loss affects children?
- Delays development of receptive/expressive communication skills
- Language deficit causes learning issues resulting in reduced academic achievement
- Communication difficulties lead to social isolation/poor self esteem
- HL may impact vocational choices
T/F babies who are deaf do not babble
False
the 2 preferred physiological assessment instruments for measuring auditory function in newborns
ABR and OAE
Pediatric testing should include
- behavioral
- Physiologic
- Developmental
What are 3 important things you should observe with the child outside of testing
Child’s interactions with caregivers
Child’s speech/language or method of communication
Child’s balance/walking
Name some things case history should cover
o Pregnancy/birth events o Developmental milestones o History of HL, OM, familial HL o Head injuries, hospitalizations, illnesses o Prior hearing evals, o Performance in school o Hearing aids o Identifying info---name, etc
T/F You should choose to test with either OAE or ABR. Testing both could cause confusion.
False. Best approach is to use both tests
What is BOA?
Behavioral response audiometry
using two clinicians, one in front of the baby (seated on parent’s lap) and one behind the baby presenting sounds….like different phonemes or noise makers or toys or paper crinkling etc.
Observing how the baby reacts to the sounds presented… Localization… (universal about 8 months of age).
Can use audiometer for this as well- that way intensities are known
What is COR?
Conditioned orientation reflex
Sound localization
Baby over 4 months placed in the sound field (speakers within the booth) where a light is positioned on top of the speakers.
Pure tone and light presented simultaneously until the baby is conditioned to look when only the tone is presented, but expecting to see the light.
What is visual reinforcement audiometry?
Rewarding child’s response to auditory stimuli by presenting visual reinforcement– either an animated toy, light or picture.
What are the stages of grief?
Shock Denial Anger Bargaining Depression/Guilt Acceptance
Describe CAPD
o No peripheral HL o Normal intelligence o Language is not age appropriate o Poor listening skills o Short attention spans o Difficulty with reading comprehension o Difficulty understanding speech in background noise
CAPD management and intervention
o Improve signal to noise ratio (Use FM system, Carpeting, drapes, curtains, acoustic tile )
o Employ metalinguistic and metacognitive training strategies (Preteach info, give child tools for learning, visual tools, teacher asks the child follow up questions )
o Improve auditory skills (Coping strategies, listening strategies )
o May grow out of it
What grades are hearing screenings done at?
K, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 7th, 11th
What time of year would you not want to do hearing screening in schools?
Winter/ Cold and flu season
What screening measures will an SLP use in schools?
Screening audiometer Acoustic immittance
Otoscopic exam
Describe erroneous hearing loss
Does not occur frequently
Misunderstanding of test instructions, malingering (faking) or psychogenic disorders
Need to address nonorganic problems as soon as possible
