middle ear

Question 1

Describe the tympanic membrane in 4 ways

Answer 1

Thin, Semi-Transparent, Disc-like, Concave

Question 2

The tympanic membrane separates the ___ from the ___

Answer 2

Middle ear cavity; Outer ear

Question 3

How many layers is the tympanic membrane composed of?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What are the 3 layers of the Tympanic Membrane?

Answer 4

Lateral Surface, Middle Layer, Medial Surface

Question 5

The epithelial layer of the Tympanic Membrane. Composed of skin that is continuous with the External Auditory Canal

Answer 5

Lateral Surface

Question 6

Layer of TM composed of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 6

Middle Layer

Question 7

Layer of TM that helps the TM vibrate in response to acoustic stimuli.

Answer 7

Middle Layer

Question 8

Layer of TM formed by the mucus membrane which lines the middle ear

Answer 8

Medial Surface

Question 9

Edges of the TM end in fibrocartilagenous ring called the

Answer 9

Tympanic annulus

Question 10

What is the bony groove that the tympanic annulus fits into?

Answer 10

Tympanic sulcus

Question 11

What quadrant is the cone of light in on the TM?

Answer 11

Anterior inferior

Question 12

Behind the Anterior Superior quadrant of the TM is the…

Answer 12

Eustation tube

Question 13

How should the TM appear in an otoscopic examination?

Answer 13

Smooth, pearly gray, concave.

Question 14

TM may appear red or pink due to

Answer 14

infection

Question 15

What are the 5 otoscopic landmarks of the TM?

Answer 15

Cone of light, umbo, manubrium of malleus, pars tensa, pars flaccida

Question 16

What are 2 pathologies of the Tympanic membrane?

Answer 16

Perforation and Tympanosclerosis

Question 17

When the TM thickens up so much that it becomes calcified

Answer 17

tympanisclerosis

Question 18

What is the opening in the roof of the middle ear called?

Answer 18

The aditus

Question 19

What are the 3 bones of the middle ear?

Answer 19

The malleus, Incus and stapes

Question 20

What are the 6 walls of the middle ear called?

Answer 20

Superior wall, Inferior Wall, Lateral Wall, Medial Wall, Posterior Wall, & Anterior Wall

Question 21

Also known as the auditory tube

Answer 21

Eustachian tube

Question 22

Allows air to enter Middle Ear & provides pressure equalization with atmospheric pressure to maximize Tympanic Membrane mobility

Answer 22

Eustachian tube

Question 23

Is the eustachian tube open or closed in adults?

Answer 23

closed but can be opened

Question 24

Largest of the 3 middle ear bones

Answer 24

Malleus

Question 25

This is imbedded in the oval window

Answer 25

The footplate of the stapes

Question 26

The 3 middle ear bones make up the

Answer 26

Ossicular chain

Question 27

What are the 2 middle ear muscles

Answer 27

Stapedius and tensor tympani

Question 28

The middle ear impedance matcher changes ___ energy into ___ energy

Answer 28

acoustic; mechanical

Question 29

What 2 things help intensify the energy to get it through to the fluid filled cochlea

Answer 29

Vibrating area of the TM and lever action of the ossicles

Question 30

Can be caused by swelling with estuation tube opening. Caused by infection, allergies, adenoids swelling.

Answer 30

Negative middle ear pressure

Question 31

Any infection of the mucus membrane lining of the middle ear cavity.

Answer 31

Suppurative otitis media

Question 32

When fluid thickens and bacteria multiplies and accumulates in the middle ear cavity.

Answer 32

Mucous Otitis Media/Glue Ear

Question 33

What can Otitis media be treated with?

Answer 33

Antibiotics or surgery (tubes)

Question 34

a cystic mass in the middle ear that is composed of blood protein and cholesterol inside, outer lining is skin

Answer 34

Cholesteatoma

Question 35

The most frequent cause of chronic progressive hearing loss during early and middle adulthood. Etiology is unknown. It occurs in otherwise healthy individuals

Answer 35

Otosclerosis