Pediatric Assessment 4

Question 1

lymph nodes

Answer 1

move down towards chin; palpate for tenderness, thyroid, trachea to check for midline

Question 2

inspect eye for

Answer 2

external color of sclera, reaction of pupil

Question 3

corneal light reflex

Answer 3

normally should see red glow and pupil should react to light; normal to see red reflex

Question 4

strabismus

Answer 4

lazy eyes not fully developed; test - cover 1 eye to see if the other deviates

Question 5

ear alignment

Answer 5

compared w/ eye, check for birth defects

Question 6

Examining the Ear

Answer 6

pull down and back if infant; if greater than 3 or 4 then pull up and back

Question 7

nose

Answer 7

midline, color, align w/ facial structure, observe internal passages; septum; examine internal passages - should be pink, moist, may be clear drainage

Question 8

mouth

Answer 8

hard palate, soft palate, swollen tonsils or drainage, checking cranial nerve functions by moving tongue

Question 9

mouth exam

Answer 9

looking at dental care, press gum and it should return to color

Question 10

ribs

Answer 10

aren’t formed like adults, diameter is different, more barrel chest, after 3 or 4 changes to adult, cartilage might be as formed, why child uses abdominal muscles to breathe

Question 11

chest landmarks

Answer 11

axillary postion to hear diminished lung sounds

Question 12

chest movement with respirations

Answer 12

inspect for simultaneous movement, may have to look at abdominal muscles, chest of infant less pronounced than abdominal movement

Question 13

lobes of lung

Answer 13

when moving inward retraction, count respirations, listen for abdominal sounds

Question 14

heart position

Answer 14

4th intercostal space, left sternal border, palpate 1st then ausculate, usually can feel line in kids; in children common to have murmur that goes away when standing up

Question 15

pulse locations

Answer 15

brachial and popliteal arteries, check capillary refill, amplitude

Question 16

heart auscultation

Answer 16

check for capillary refill, amplitude, rhythm

Question 17

hernias

Answer 17

muscle very thin, common to have umbilical hernia

Question 18

can’t say bowel sounds are absent until

Answer 18

listen to all 4 quadrants, normal is between 10-30

Question 19

“Bowleg” “Knock-Knee”

Answer 19

muscular skeletal

Question 20

reflexes are in

Answer 20

cranial nerves, looking at muscles and how deep tendons respond; could be electrolyte disturbence

Question 21

gaze position

Answer 21

checking muscles of the eyes, can use a pen or toy, checking eye movement; have them follow object w/ eyes