Musculoskeletal Assessment 2

Question 1

myalgia

Answer 1

muscle pain; occurs throughout the day

Question 2

arthalgia

Answer 2

joint pain; occurs in the morning and pain goes away

Question 3

Polyarticular

Answer 3

multiple joints

Question 4

Monoarticular

Answer 4

1 joint

Question 5

Ataxia

Answer 5

Irregular, uncoordinated movements or loosing balance may be from cerebellar disorders, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, brain tumors, inner ear problems, or medications

Question 6

Common MS symptoms:

Answer 6

Pain or discomfort; Weakness; Stiffness or limited movement; Deformities; Lack of Balance

Question 7

Contractures

Answer 7

may be caused by abnormalities of the structures surrounding a joint. These include: Deformity, Immobility, Injury, Chronic inflammation; Certain disorders that affect nerves and muscles almost always lead to contractures. For example: Muscular Dystrophy, Cerebral Palsy. Contractures are often also associated with spasticity resulting from injuries to the central nervous system.

Question 8

Lifespan Considerations

Answer 8

Pregnant Women; Newborns, infants, and children; Older Adults

Question 9

newborns

Answer 9

traumatic birth or large baby can cause fractures to clavix

Question 10

hypenauia

Answer 10

prolong hypoxia

Question 11

spine of pregnant woman third trimester

Answer 11

lordosise

Question 12

inspect

Answer 12

Assess posture, gait, and cerebellar function; Measure limbs

Question 13

palpate

Answer 13

Size, shape, color symmetry; Edema, heat, tenderness, pain, nodules, crepitus

Question 14

ROM (active/passive)

Answer 14

Goniometer (measures degree and angle of each joint); Describe motion on the joint in degrees

Question 15

muscle strength

Answer 15

Move each extremity against resistance (0-5 scale, 5 normal/strong, 0 no muscle movement)

Question 16

Things to remember for assessment

Answer 16

do not force past normal ROM; stop passive ROM when pain/discomfort occurs; remember dominant side will tend to be the stronger side

Question 17

inspect

Answer 17

gait, posture, cerebellar function, limb measurement and circumference

Question 18

posture -

Answer 18

erect spinal deviation, knee position, ears over shoulders

Question 19

spinal deviation

Answer 19

Scoliosis; Kyphosis; Lordosis

Question 20

Lordosis—

Answer 20

lumbar hyperextension (swayback)

Question 21

Kyphosis—

Answer 21

cervical flexion (humpback)

Question 22

Scoliosis—

Answer 22

lateral deviation

Question 23

knee positioning

Answer 23

Draw imaginary line from anterior superior iliac crest to feet—should pass over patella; Genu varum; Genu valgum

Question 24

Genu varum—

Answer 24

lateral deviation (bow legged)

Question 25

Genu valgum—

Answer 25

deviation toward midline (knock knee); may see in children until age of 7

Question 26

gait

Answer 26

Base of support approximately 2-4 inches; Average stride 12 inches ; Smooth, rhythmic, coordinated; Without spasticity or tremors; Observe staggering, shuffling, waddling; Tandem walk, heel to toe; on heels; on toes; squat then stand back up

Question 27

Cerebellar function

Answer 27

Balance, coordination, proprioception; Romberg, heel to shin, rapid hand movement, nose to finger

Question 28

Limb measurement & circumference: arm -

Answer 28

acromion process to tip of middle finger

Question 29

Limb measurement & circumference: leg -

Answer 29

Anterior superior iliac crest crossing over knee to medial malleolus