Pediatric Flashcards
Bandlike lucencies on chest radiograph
Pulmonary interstitial emphysema
Ropy opacities on chest radiograph
Meconium aspiration
Granular opacities on premature chest radiograph
Surfactant deficiency disease
VACTERL
V: vertebral anomalies A: imperforate anus C: cardiac anomalies TE: tracheoesophageal fistula or esophageal atresia R: renal anomalies L: limb and ray anomalies
Infarcted spleen
Sickle cell anemia
Weigert-Meyer Rule
Duplicated collecting systems.
Upper moiety inserts inferomedially into the bladder, and is prone to obstruction and ureterocele formation.
Lower moiety inserts superolaterally into the bladder, and is prone to reflux.
Cobra head sign
Suggests ureterocele on ultrasound or intravenous pyelogram
Keyhole sign
Posterior urethral valves
Tibia vara
Blounts disease
Neuroblastoma Stage 4S
Less than 1 year old
Distal metastases confined to skin, liver, bone marrow (not bone cortex)
Excellent prognosis
Neuroblastoma appearance
Age: less than 2 years old
Calcifies 90%
Encases vessels (doesn’t invade)
Poorly marginated
Metastasizes to bone
Wilm’s appearance
Usually around 4 years old (never before 2 months)
Rarely calcifies (<10%)
Invades vessels (doesn’t encase)
Well-circumscribed
Doesn’t usually metastasize to bone
Croup
Barky “croupy” cough
Parainfluenza virus
Steeple sign on radiograph
Steeple sign on radiograph
Croup
Thumb sign
Epiglottitis
Exudative tracheitis radiograph findings
Linear soft tissue filling defect in airway
6-10 years old
Staphylococcus aureus
PHACES Syndrome
P: posterior fossa (Dandy Walker) H: hemangiomas A: arterial anomalies C: coarctation of aorta, cardiac defects E: eye abnormalities S: subglottic hemangioma
Subglottic hemangioma radiograph findings
Asymmetric subglottic narrowing
in contradistinction to steeple sign, which is bilateral
Retropharyngeal abscess radiograph findings
Massive retropharyngeal soft tissue thickening
Meconium aspiration radiograph findings
Ropy appearance
Hyperinflation with areas of alternating atelectasis
Pneumothorax in 20 to 40% of cases
Transient tachypnea of the newborn
Clinical history: C-section, maternal sedation, maternal diabetes
Findings: coarse interstitial markings and fluid in fissures. Lung volume is normal to increased.
“Post term baby”
Meconium aspiration
“C-section”
Transient tachypnea of the newborn
“Maternal sedation”
Transient tachypnea of the newborn