Pectoral Region and Breast Flashcards
What are the 3 section sof the sternum?
the manubrium
the body
the xiphoid process
What joins the manubrium tot he body of the sternum?
What joins the body to the xiphid process?
What kinds of joints are these?
the sternal angle = manubriosternal joint
at the 2nd rib!
the body is joined to the xiphoid by the xiphisternal joint
both are fibrous joints
What forms the costal margin?
It’s the inferior surface of the rib cage and it’s formed by the cartilginous components of ribs 7-10
THe head of the humerus articulates with the scapula in the what?
glenoid fossa
What subscapular fossa is occupied by which muscle?
the subscapularis muscle, which is one of the rotator cuff muscles
What three muscles attach to the coracoid process?
the pectoralis minor
the coracobrachialis
short head of the biceps brachii
What does the supraglenoid tuberce serve as the attachment sit for?
What does the infraglenoic tubercle serve as the attachment site for?
the long head of the biceps brachii.
the long head of the triceps brachii
What’ type of joint was originally at the anatomical neck of the humerus?
an epiphyseal growth plate
The greater tubercle of the humerus serves as the site of attachment for which 3 muscles?
What about the lesser tubercle?
the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles of the roator cuff
the lesser tubercle is the attachment site for the subscapular muscle of the rotator cuff
What does the intertubercular groove hold?
the tendon of the lon ghead of the bicep brachii that was attached proxoimally to the supraglenoid tubercle.
THe nipple lies approximately over what intercostal space?
the 4th intercostal space
What spinal nerve supplies the nipple?
T4
What glands does the aerola contain?
areolar gland,s which are sebaceous glands
The mamary glands extend from where to where?
from the body of the sternum to the axilla, with the portion of the gland extending to the xilla forming the axillary tail
A supernumerary nipple would be along what line?
the milk line
Where does the mammary gland sit in the breast? What does it consist of?
It is located in the superficial fascia and consists of 15 to 20 lobes separated by dense connective tissue.
What is the secretory component of the mammary gland?
alveoli - which make up the lobules within the lobes
What connects the alveoli secretory units to the nipples?
the lactiferous ducts
What does the dense connective tissue in the breast form?
the suspensory ligaments of Cooper that attach tot he deep layer of the superficial fascia
Where will milk be held just prior to emulsion?
the lactiferous sinses - just prior to the nipple
How does breast tissue change in pregnancy?
Pre-pregnancy, the tissue has lots of fat tissue and several lobules surrounded by loose connective tissue. Secretory units are not present.
During pregnancy, the lobules are now composed primarily of secretory units. There is very little fatty tissue left.
What three major arteries derive the blood supply of the breast?
lateral thoracic artery (off of the axillary)
the intercostal ateries
internal thoracic artery (off the subclavian)
Describe the lymphatic drainage of the breast.
- much of the drainage form the deeper ragion flows to the areolar area first - to the subareaolar plexus of lymphatic vessels and then drains to pectoral axillary nodes
- from medial side = parasternal nodes on the ipsilateral side (but can also cross over to the contralteral parasternal nodes and other breast)
- Lower parts = flows to the subdiaphragmatic abdonimal nodes
- superiorly = lymph flows to the apical axillary nodes
What four quadrants do we divide the breast into?
the superior lateral
superior medial
inferior lateral
inferior medial
