Intro to Dermatology Terms Flashcards
A flat, circumscribed region of skin with a different color or texture is called what?
what is it called if it’s larger than 1 cm?
macule
a patch
What is a common example of a macule?
What is a common example of a patch?
freckles are macules
vitiligo has patches
What do you call a palpable, circumscribed change in consistency of contour of the skin?
what if it’s larger than 1 cm?
what if it’s significantly larger than 1 cm?
papule
over 1cm = nodule
waaay over 1 cm = tumor
What do you call a coalescence of papules?
What do you call an encapsulated nodule filled with soft meterial?
a cyst
What do you called a circumscribe, clear fluid-filled lesion like a blister?
what if it’s very large?
what if it’s filled with inflammatory cells?
a vesicle
a very large vesicle = bulla
with pus = pustule
Describe what a wheal looks like.
It’s a palpable, circumscribed area of edema with central pallor and peripheral edema
they’re also called urticaria or hives
they usually disappear relatively quickly
What do you call discoloration of the skin due to the presence of blood in the tissue, outside of blood vessels?
what if it’s a small punctate region of this?
purpura
petechiae
What is purpura usually caused by?
vasculitis, or inflammation of the blood vessels
it won’t blanch when you push on it
What do we call a plug within a hair follicle canal composed of keratin and sebum?
a comedo
think acne - white heads and black heads
What do we call a white papule composed of whorls of keratinized epidermal cells beneath the skin surface - usually on the eyelids?
milium
What is a burrow?
a horizontal tunnel in the stratum corneum which is produced by a parasite like scabies
What is a scaly lesion characterized by?
exfolitaiton of surface keratin cells - like in psoriasis
What is the adjective used when a lesion has very thick scales?
hyperkeratotic
What does a crusted lesion have?
it will display dried exudate of fluid and/or cellular components on the skin surface
What does an eroded lesion have?
it will show a superficial defect in the skin surface which won’t penetrate through the epidermis - like an abrasion
What will an ulcerated lesion have?
a skin defect that DOES penetrate through the epidermis
What will an excoriated lesion have? what’s it from?
An excoriated lesion will be eroded or ulcerated in a linear fashion, due to scratching
What will a fissured lesion have?
a horizontal split in the skin
What does lichenified mean?
it’s an area of skin that shows thickening with accentuation of the normal skin markings - usually a sign of chronicity associated with scraching or rubbing
What does verrucous mean?
it’s an area of skin that is characterized by velvety or roughened wart-like changes
What does telengiectatic mean?
it’s when an area of skin shows dilated small arterioles or capillaries coursing parallel to the skin surface - this is permanent
What do you call it when the skin is emaciated or thinned, as in striae?
atrophic
What do we call epidermal hyperplasia?
acanthosis
