Pears Flashcards
Which are the three most important countries for pear production in the world?
China, EU, USA
Which are the three most important countries for pear production in the EU?
Italy, Spain, Portugal
Which are the four most important importer countries for pears?
Russia, EU, Brazil, Indonesia
Which are the four most important exporter countries for pears?
China, EU, Argentina, South Africa
How is the fruiting bud in a pear tree characterized?
Mixed buds: vegetative (can give rise to lateral shoots) and reproductive (inflorescence) placed on the apical shoot.
What is parthenocarpy in pears? What is its role and how can it be exploited?
Parthenocarpy is the formation of fruits without fertilization resulting in sterile fruits without seeds. It can be a positive resource allowing fruit production without pollination. Gibberellin treatments can improve market size and promote fruit growth.
Which are the most important pear cultivars in the US?
Bartlett, Anjou, Bosc, Conference, Forelle, Bosc (Kaiser), Passe Crassane
Which are the most important pear cultivars in Italy?
Coscia, Santa Maria, William (and William Rosa), Conference, Abate Fetel, Decana del Comizio, Kaiser, Passa Crassana
What are the major issues for early pears? Which are the standard cultivars?
Issues: fruit size, shape, color, and storage (temperature and oxygen). Standard cultivars: Coscia, Santa Maria, and new cultivars like Carmen and Tosca.
Which major pear cultivars are incompatible with quince? How can grafting incompatibility be overcome?
Incompatible cultivars: William, Kaiser, Abate, and Bartlett. Technique: use of interstock such as Buttira Hardy and Curato.
Which rootstocks induce reduced vigor in pear scions?
Quince series, with Sydo and MC being the most dwarfing.
Which rootstock series is recommended for combating chlorosis in pears?
The Old Home x Farmingdale series
Which rootstock series is more susceptible to low temperatures?
Quince, with cold hardiness up to -15°C.
Among dwarfing rootstocks, which provides the best fruit quality?
Sydo provides the best fruit quality with larger fruit size.
Why is Adams the most used rootstock in Belgium?
Adams has vigor between Sydo and MA, high yield efficiency, sensitivity to low temperatures, and good fruit quality. It is compatible with the Conference cultivar.
