Almond Flashcards
Which are the three most important countries for almond production in the world based on the cultivated area?
Spain / USA / Tunisia
Which are the three most important countries for almond production in the world based on the production?
USA Spain Iran
Which is the most important bearing organ in almond?
Spur bearer with 2 flower buds
2 years wood with veg buds
1 year old wood
Which are the most important cvs in almond?
Cali:
- Nonpareil
- Carmel
- Butte
- Padre
- Mission
- Monterrey
Which are the factors to be considered in the cv choice?
Blooming period: spring frost and cross-pollination
- Harvesting time: early cultivars, less susceptible to weather condition during harvesting
- Doubles
- Shelling percentage
- Market requirement
- Self compatibility (new cv in cali ‘independece’)
Pest and disease susceptibility
Which are the rootstocks more used for almond?
Nemaguard / Bitter Almond/ GF677/Marianna
Do describe the training systems most used for almond.
Tree vase: most used in California, prevent extreme bending of branches, pruning is thinning of some branches (3-4). In USA many growers prefer to not prune trees (except the initial training pruning)and they replant whole orchard after 15-17 years decrease costs
What is Noninfectious bud failure?
Mainly Nonpareil and Carmel disorders.
- Noninfectious bud failure (BF) is a genetic disorder. The disorder is expressed by the failure of vegetative buds to grow in the spring. This, along with other rough bark characteristics, results in a distinctive growth pattern sometimes also described as “crazy-top.”
What is the Concealed damage? Which are the causes?
Paper shell cv: under film very high T
- rust brown discoloration and bad taste of the nutmeat caused by hot (>49°) humid (>14%) storage conditions and fumigation (fumigation to prevent infestations of navel worm and are stockpiled under plastic traps
