PEADIATRIC SURGERY

Question 1

mc cause of infravesical outflow obstruction in males

Answer 1

Posterior urethral valve

Question 2

management of posterior urethral valve

Answer 2

Bladder catheterisation

Endoscopic Valvotomy

Cystoscopy and Renal follow up

Question 3

Ioc for hirschprungs disease

Answer 3

Full thickness suction Rectal biopsy

Question 4

management of hirschprungs disease

Answer 4

Laparotomy and stoma formation

@ 9-12 months resection and primary anastamosis

Question 5

Commonest abdominal emergency in <1 year of age

Answer 5

Inguinal hernia(indirect)
Intusussception

Question 6

posterior triangle swelling briliantly transilluminant

Answer 6

Cystic hygroma

Question 7

Kasai procedure for billiary atresia

Answer 7

Roux-en- Y portojejunostomy

Question 8

Ladds procedure

Answer 8

Intestinal malrotation and volvulus

Question 9

axis for intestinal malrotation

Answer 9

superior mesenteric artery

Question 10

Umbilical fistula at birth

Answer 10

patent urachus
vitellointestinal fistula

Question 11

mc CHD cyanotic at birth

Answer 11

TGA

Question 12

mc cyanotic CHD

Answer 12

TOF

Question 13

mc acyanotic CHD

Answer 13

VSD

Question 14

testes presenting in scrotum in warm conditions

Answer 14

retractile testes

Question 15

sites of ectopic testes

Answer 15

Inguinal pouch
Root of penis
Perineum

Question 16

site of undescended testes

Answer 16

Intra abdominal
internal ring
inguinal canal
external ring
neck of scrotum

Question 17

isolated abnormality, bowel lies outside abdominal wall paraumbilical defect

Answer 17

Gastrochisis

Question 18

liver and gut remain covered with membranous sac connected to umbilicus

Answer 18

exomphalos

Question 19

Alagille syndrome

Answer 19

AD, presence of paucity of bile ducts and cardiac defects

Question 20

overall survival post kasai procedure

Answer 20

80%

45% require liver transplantation post surgery

Question 21

Duodenal atresia surgery

Answer 21

duodenoduodenostomy

Question 22

mx of Necrostising enterocolitis

Answer 22

Total gut rest and TPN
Laparotomy if suspect perforation

Question 23

site of cystic hygroma

Answer 23

posterior triangle

Question 24

Intusussception surgery

Answer 24

ileo-colic - trial with pneumatic reduction with insufflatiom then lap
ileo-ileal — Laparotomy
(caecum is a one way valve)

Question 25

Billious vomiting in neonates

Answer 25

intestinal malrotation with volvulus until proven otherwise

Question 26

IOC for malrotation and volvulus

Answer 26

Upper GI contrast study

Question 27

Inguinal hernia in neonates

Answer 27

Indirect
always congenital
hernia sac is a remnant of processus vaginalis
ass. with undescended testes

mx — inguinal herniotomy ( no mesh posterior wall is intact)
in female b/l groin exploration
in male only affected side

Question 28

necrotising enterocolitis

Answer 28

xray pneumatosis intestinalis

Question 29

sites of Necrotising enterocolitis

Answer 29

terminal ileum caecum distal colon

Question 30

midline cystic mass on cxr in an infant

Answer 30

Bronchogenic cyst
2 nd mc foregut cyst
ventral foregut anomolous development

inv— antenatal us, Cxr , CT for comfirmation
mx- thoracoscopic resection

Question 31

left to right shunt of TOF

Answer 31

mild infundibular stenosis