PDF - Epilepsy Flashcards
Is there LOC during partial seizure?
No
What type of seizures do lesions of subcortical areas, brainstem, or spinal cord produce?
They do not produce seizures
Where would a simple partial seizure
in L. frontal motor cortex cause seizure in body?
Rhythmical contractions or jerking of
right face, arm, and leg for 1-2 minutes
General vs. Partial Vs. Simple Vs. Complex?
- General - Whole body
- Partial - Part of body
- Simple - No LOC
- Complex - LOC
Non motor features of simple partial seizures?
- Localized sensory
- Visual
3, Aautonomic: sweating, flushing, nausea
Where do complex, partial seizures usually originate from?
Medial, temporal, or hippocampal areas
Other presentations Partial, complex seizure?
- Emotional changes
- Hallucinations
- Déjà vu
- Repeated movements / gestures
What causes generalized seizure?
Electrical discharge simultaneously
arises from widespread, bilateral areas of cerebral cortex
What does an EEG showing generalized, 3 Hertz (3 per second), spike-and-slow-wave electrical discharge indicate?
Absence seizures
New names for grandmal and petit mal seizurs?
Grande: Generalized, tonic-clonic
Petit: Generalized, non convulsive
What is the tonic phase of a seizure?
Sudden stiffness from contraction of
limb and trunk muscles which may cause the patient to fall and forcibly expel air “cry”
- Apnea can cause cyanotic, dusky face
What is the clonic phase?
Rhythmic, forceful, synchronous jerking of the limbs and face, tongue biting or other oral trauma, and excessive salivation or drooling
What can cause the diffuse cortical disinhibition that leads to seizures?
- Anoxia
- Hereditary metabolic disorders
- Congenital brain malformations
- Metabolic disorders
- Withdrawals
- Electrolytes
What is a secondarily generalized seizures?
Starts partial and moves general
Imaging scar for seizures?
MRI
