PC Toddlers & Preschools Flashcards
gross motor skills
walking, running, stand on what foot
fine motor
pincer grasp to shapes
encoporesis
voluntary holding of stool
fluoride supplementation 0-3 years
0.25mg/ml
fluoride supplementation 3-6 years
0.50mg
fluoride supplementation 6-15 years
1.0mg
ASD screening
9, 18, 24 or 30 months
ASD kids have higher risk for which diseases?
asthma, eczema, GI disorder symptoms, sleep and seizure disorders
MCHAT done between which months for ASD patients?
18-24 months
<3 years old refer ASD diagnosis to where?
Health Department
> 3 years old refer ASD diagnosis to where?
Education Department
at what ages do we test for anemia
9-12 months, 18 months, 13 and 17 years old
Iron deficiency anemia treatment
ferrous sulfate 3-6 mg/kg/day in 2-3 divided dose
when should you recheck hgb after anemia treatment?
1 month, if Hgb increases than continue treatment for 5 months
how much milk should toddler have with anemia?
24 ounces/day
side effects of iron
stained teeth, dark stools and constipation
what should you take iron with?
vitamin c (Orange juice)
what do you need to rule out with Petechiae and purpura
all leukemia and meningococcemia
How does Hemophillia A-Factor VIII Deficiency effect aPTT?
it prolongs it
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura follow which kind of an infection in 2-5 year olds?
viral
what does Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura do to platelet count?
reduces it
Neisseria Meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae or haemophilus influenza are all conditions of?
Meningococcal disease
Roseola is cause by?
herpes virus 6
when does rash appear with roseola in regards to fever
rash erupts AFTER fever
where does rash being with roseola and where does it end up?
it begins on trunk and spreads centrifugally (to extremities)
what does Roseola rash look like?
maculopapular lesions, diffuse, discrete, blanch, rose-colored
maculopapular lesions
flat red
Roseola treatment and when will it go away
symptomatic, will go away in 1-2 days
What is a rare complication of Roseola
febrile seizures
Erythema infectiosum
5ths disease
what causes 5th disease
Human parvovirus B19
Vertical or Horizontal transmission
vertical
where does rash appear for 5th disease
slap cheek appearance, then trunk then extremities
What does 5th disease rash look like?
Macular, lacy maculopapular trunk and extremities
What are rare complications of 5th disease
arthritis, hemolytic anemia, aplastic crisis
when can kids return to school?
during rash phase
treatment for 5th disease
supportive, NSAIDS
when does fever go away in relation to rash
it goes away after rash appears
what does measles rash look like?
maculopapular and koplik spots
what are complications of measles
pneumonia
treatment for measles
supportive
besides the rash, what other physical findings might you see with measles
cough, conjunctivitis, coryza ( inflammation of nose mucosa)
what does Varicella rash look like?
centripetal (moving toward center), vesicles, crops, different stages
where does a varicella rash start?
trunk
when do you diagnostic testing for varicella?
only in pregnancy
when can kid go back to school with varicella?
when vesicles crust
treatment for varicella?
supportive
what shouldnt you give to kids with varicella for supportive treatment?
ibuprofen or ASA
what canyou give an immunosuppressed child with varicella?
acyclovir
pastias lines
red lines in skin folds
which disease has pastias lines on exam?
scarlatina
complications of scarlatina
Rheumatic fever, PANDA, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
With Impetigo if kid has 5 or more lesions and/or lesions on the face then what is the treatment
topical antibiotics (Bactriban) and oral antibiotics
what do lesions look like with impetigo
honey crusted lesions
antibiotics for impetigo
cephalexin, dicloxacillin, cloxicillan, erythromycin, septra, clindamycin, vanco, keflex
treatment for head lice
permethrin
scabies treatment
permethrin or ivermectin
how do you control the itch with scabies while doing the permethrin or ivermectin treatment?
antihistamines, NSAIDS, hydrocortisone
how long do you have to keep clothes in bag with scabies?
1 week
ring worm treatment and what should you take it with
griseogluvin, take with fatty meal or topicals for 4 weeks, selenium sulfide shampoo
what kind of testing should you do with eczema/atopic dermatitis
immunologic testing
steeple sign
found with croup on xray
how long does croup last?
5 days
croup treatment
cold air, nebulizer, dexamethasone
epiglottitis
medical emergency
epiglottitis s/s
high fever, stridor, drooling, hyperextension of neck, tripod positioning
epiglottitis diagnostics
blood culture, lateral neck xray
epiglottitis treatment
intubation, steriods, antibiotics
