mens health in primary care Flashcards
hypogonadism in a male refers to a decrease in what?
sperm production or testosterone production
if morning testosterone levels are tested and low, what should you do?
repeat, if low again, do a LH and FSH
primary hypogonadism lab results
low T, elevated LH, FSH
secondary hypogonadism labresults
low T, low/normal LH, FSH
testosterone treatment is contraindicated in which patients and why
can increase cancer growth so don’t give to men with breast or prostate ca
before doing testosterone treatment which labs should you do for baseline?
PSA and DRE
Testicular torsion
obstruction which can lead to ischemia in 4 hours
how can you tell if its testicular torsion? s/s?
cremasteric reflex negative
cyctic/ vascular scrotal masses s/s
painless, slow growing mass
epididumitis s/s
dysuria, <35 check STD
inguinal hernia s/s
scrotal enlargement and pain
where does BPH growth begin
periurethral glandular tissue
late stage complications of BPH
hydronephrosis and renal failure
LUTS
lower urinary tract symptoms
LUTS symptoms of BPH
voiding: weak stream, hesitancy
Storage: urinary frequency, nocturia
mild to moderate symptoms BPH treatment
alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist (flomax, Cardura)
alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist action
they relax the bladder muscle
alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist examples
flomax, cardura
severe symptoms of BPH treatment
alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist and 5-alpha reductase inhibitor
5-alpha reductase inhibitor action
decrease size of prostate
examples of 5-alpha reductase inhibitor
proscar, Avodart
which PDE-5 inhibitor is approved for BPH
Cialis
on a prostate exam, which findings are suggestive of prostate cancer
asymmetric areas of induration or frank nodules
on a prostate exam, which findings are suggestive of BPH
symmetric enlargement and firmness
what is the leading cause of ED
arterial insufficiency
what is needed for viagra to work
nitric oxide release from nerves
Viagra and Levitra peak concentrations at how many minutes after taking it for ED
40-60 minutes with half life of 4 hours
common side effects of PDE-5?
flushing, headaches, visual disturbances, dyspepsia
