Pavlovian Conditioning Flashcards
Elicited
An involuntary response
Unconditional reflex
Inborn and permanent reflex - salvation happens when we put food in our mouths. consist of US and UR
Conditional reflex
Acquired through learning. Consists of CS and CR
Unconditional stimulus (US)
Food
Unconditional response
Salvation - when presented with US (food)
Conditional stimulus (CS)
When it is learned that a given situation (bell) means food (US) and UR happens
Conditional response (CR)
When CS happens and a UR happens without a US, it is called CR
Pavlovian conditioning
Classical conditioning
Higher-order conditioning
pairing a neutral stimulus to a CS - white coat + bell = salvation
Test trial
Presenting CS alone to see if a CR has occurred
Pseudoconditioning
When someone thinks a neutral stimulus is related to a US generating a CR. Nurse coughing (neutral) while giving a painful injection (US) and you wince (CR). When a nurse coughs you wince - thinking the cough was what caused you pain.
Trace conditioning
CS begins and ends before US appears
Delay conditioning
When CS and US overlap
Simultaneous conditioning
When CS and US occurs at the same time
Backward conditioning
When US happens first and CS comes after
Contingency
If - then. If X happens Y will always follow
Contiguity
Closeness in time between two events
Interstimulus interval (ISI)
The interval between CS and US
Taste aversion
Pairing a certain food with something that makes you sick.
Compound Stimulus
Two or more stimuli presented simultaneously, often as CS
Overshadowing
Failure of a stimulus that is part of a compound stimulus to become a CS. The stimulus is overshadowed by the stimulus that does become a CS
Latent inhibition
Appearance of a stimulus without the US interferes with the ability of that stimulus to become a CS later
Blocking
Failure of a stimulus to become a CS because another stimulus has become a CS.
Intertrial interval (Pavlovian)
Interval between paring of CS and US
Spontaneous recovery
When an extinguished CR appears spontaneously
Stimulus substitution theory
The CS is a substitute to the US in evoking a reflex response
Preparatory response theory
CR is a response designed to prepare for the US.
UR is designed to deal with US
Compensation theory
CR prepares the animal for the US by compensating for its effects.
The body prepares for the drugs, which minimise their effects, so when a drug addict does drugs in a new setting, the body is not prepared and the use might overdose - even if it is a smaller dose of drugs
Rescorla-Wagner model
Recognises that greatest amount of learning occurs in the first pairings of CS and US.
