Pavlov's Classical Conditioning Flashcards
What is Classical Conditioning?
A type of learning, created by Ivan Pavlov, in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events
Neutral stimulus (NS)
A stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning
THE BELL
Unconditioned response (UR)
An unlearned, natural, occurring response (salivation) to an unconditioned stimulus (food in the mouth)
Unconditioned stimulus (US)
A stimulus that unconditionally-naturally and automatically- triggers a response (UR, salivation)
Conditioned response (CR)
A learned response to a previously neutral (but now conditioned) stimulus (CS)
SALIVATION in response to to the tone
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
An originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus (US), comes to trigger a conditioned response (CR)
Acquisition
When one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response. In Operant conditioning, the strengthening of a reinforced response
Higher-order conditioning
A procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus.
Example: an animal that has learned that a tine predicts food might then learn that a light predicts the tone and begin responding to the light alone
Extinction
The diminishing of a conditioned response; occurs in classical conditioning when an unconditioned stimulus does not follow a conditioned stimulus/ occurs in Operant conditioning when a response is no longer reinforced
Spontaneous recovery
The reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished condition response
Generalized
The tendency once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned for stimuli similar to elicit similar responses
Discrimination
The learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus
