Pavlov Flashcards
What is a reflex?
A response that occurs automatically to a specific stimulus without learning.
What is classical conditioning?
A type of learning that happens when we associate two or more things together and are able to anticipate future events. Happens involuntarily.
Who was Ivan Pavlov?
Russian physiologist in the 1920s. Won Nobel Prize.
Explain briefly Pavlov dogs experiment?
1- dog salivate see food.
2- dog salivate without food, just as they hear steps or see a bowl.
3- Metronome paired with food.
4- dogs salivate when hear metronome without food.
Explain briefly Pavlov human experiment.
Pressure on hand.
When pressure cookie so child opens mouth.
Child opens mouth without cookie, just pressure.
What is a US?
things we react to naturally
What is a UR?
behaviour happens without learning in reaction to the US.
What is an NS?
the thing that has no meaning and doesn’t bring a response.
What is CS?
thing organism has learned about.
What is CR?
learned feeling or behaviour caused by CS.
What is consistency?
NS often accompanied US
What are Contiguity and trace conditioning?
NS and US presented close in time.
Can be a quick pause in between (few seconds) call trace conditioning.
What is Novelty?
Association is easier if NS is unfamiliar.
What are differentiation and generalization?
when an organism separates stimulus that has in effect from others.
generalization and when the stimulus is too familiar to the CS and causes CR.
What is extinction? Spontaneous recovery? When do they happen?
Extinction = cr stops occuring
spontaneous recovery = even after extinction CS will cause CR after rest period.
