Patterns Of Inheritance

Question 1

Gene?

Answer 1

Sequence of bases on a DNA molecule that codes for a protein (polypeptide),which results in a characteristic

Question 2

Locus?

Answer 2

Specific position of a gene on a chromosome

Question 3

Alleles?

Answer 3

Different versions of same gene that code for variants of a characteristic (B - brown eyes and b- blue eyes)

Question 4

Homozygous and heterozygous?

Answer 4

HOMOZYGOUS: organism with 2 identical alleles
HETEROZYGOUS: organism with 2 different alleles

Question 5

Genotype and phenotype?

Answer 5

Genotype: Organism’s genetic makeup - its alleles (BB,Bb,bb)

Phenotype: observable characteristics of an organism

Question 6

Homologous pairs?

Answer 6

2 copies of each chromosome (therefore 2 copies of each gene so there can be different alleles combinations within an individual- 2 alleles for every characteristic)
E.g BB, Bb,bb

Question 7

Dominant and recessive?

Answer 7

Dominant: allele that is always expressed in phenotype, even when only one copy present in genotype

Recessive: allele that is only expressed when its homozygous in the genotype (2 copies present) and masked by dominant allele