Patterns of Inheritance Flashcards
What is a purebred?
bred from members of a recognized breed, strain, or kind without outbreeding over many generations.
What is a hybrid?
resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction.
What are dominant traits?
those which are more likely to be inherited due to their stronger allele expression compared to recessive alleles. These traits are expressed if an individual inherits even one dominant allele, whereas recessive traits are only expressed if the organism inherits two recessive alleles for that trait.
What are recessive traits?
a trait that is expressed only when genotype is homozygous; a trait that tends to be masked by other inherited traits, yet persists in a population among heterozygous genotypes.
What are crosses with dominant traits, and what will the offspring look like?
only one copy of the dominant allele is required to express the trait. The effect of the other allele (the recessive allele) is masked by the dominant allele.
What are crosses with recessive traits, and what will the offspring look like?
the alleles of the trait-causing gene are the same, and both (recessive) alleles must be present to express the trait. A recessive allele does not produce a trait at all when only one copy is present.
What is incomplete dominance?
a form of Gene interaction in which both alleles of a gene at a locus are partially expressed, often resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype. It is also known as partial dominance.
How do environmental factors impact inheritance?
Sometimes the environment changes a gene—either its DNA sequence or its activity level. Either of these effects can change the proteins that are made from a gene, which in turn affects traits.
