Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Question 1

What are characteristics of asexual reproduction?

Answer 1

Single parent involved, No fertilization or gamete formation takes place, This process of reproduction occurs in a very short time, The organisms multiply and grow rapidly, and The offspring is genetically similar.

Question 2

What is binary fission?

Answer 2

the division of a single entity into two or more parts and the regeneration of those parts to separate entities resembling the original. The object experiencing fission is usually a cell, but the term may also refer to how organisms, bodies, populations, or species split into discrete parts.

Question 3

What is budding?

Answer 3

a type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. For example, the small bulb-like projection coming out from the yeast cell is known as a bud.

Question 4

What is spore production?

Answer 4

It is an Asexual Reproduction technique. Many Spores are housed in sacs known as Sporangia. The plants produce hundreds of spores and the spore sac bursts. These spores are dispersed into the air, where they germinate and create a new plant under favorable conditions.

Question 5

What is vegetative reproduction?

Answer 5

a form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment or cutting of the parent plant or specialized reproductive structures.

Question 6

What are characteristics of sexual reproduction in both animals and plants?

Answer 6

involves two parents of the opposite sex. A male plant or animal contributes genetic material in the form of sperm or pollen to a female plant or animal’s egg. The offspring then has genetic material from both parents.

Question 7

What is the role of sperm eggs?

Answer 7

to produce a new offspring

Question 8

What is the role of egg cells?

Answer 8

generating a new individual. The cytoplasm of an egg can even reprogram a somatic cell nucleus so that the nucleus can direct the development of a new individual.

Question 9

What is the role of a zygote?

Answer 9

contains all the essential factors for development, but they exist solely as an encoded set of instructions localized in the genes of chromosomes. In fact, the genes of the new zygote are not activated to produce proteins until several cell divisions into cleavage.

Question 10

What is the role of an embryo?

Answer 10

the early developmental stage of an animal while it is in the egg or within the uterus of the mother.

Question 11

What is the process of fertilization?

Answer 11

sperm and egg fuse to form a diploid zygote to initiate prenatal development. In mammals, fertilization involves multiple ordered steps, including the acrosome reaction, zona pellucida penetration, sperm-egg attachment, and membrane fusion.

Question 12

What is the process of cleavage?

Answer 12

a series of mitotic divisions whereby the enormous volume of egg cytoplasm is divided into numerous smaller, nucleated cells.

Question 13

What is the role of pollen?

Answer 13

to deliver the sperm to the egg. Pollen moves from the stamen of a plant to the carpel of a plant through pollinators, wind, or water.

Question 14

What is the role of the stamen?

Answer 14

to produce the pollen grains, which house male gametes, or sex cells, necessary for reproduction.

Question 15

What is the role of the ovules?

Answer 15

the organ that forms the seeds of flowering plants.

Question 16

What is the role of the pistil?

Answer 16

helps to receive pollen and in the fertilization process. The pistil is also involved in the process of germination of the pollen grains. It also helps to transfer pollen grains in the process of pollination.

Question 17

What is the role of the anther?

Answer 17

It produces the male sex cells, stores them, and provides a place for them to stay until the time is right for them to be dispersed.

Question 18

What is the role of the stigma?

Answer 18

It is found in the center of a flower and helps to collect pollen. The stigma is on top of the style and is the apex of the reproductive system. It is waxy or sticky to collect the dry pollen which is blown by the wind or transferred by insects.

Question 19

What is the role of the style?

Answer 19

When pollen reaches the stigma, it begins to form a pollen tube, which will eventually reach the ovary, through the style. Because only appropriate pollen may form a pollen tube, the style acts as a buffer against pollen contamination.

Question 20

What is the role of the ovary’s?

Answer 20

produce both the sex cells and the hormones necessary for reproduction.

Question 21

What is the process of pollination?

Answer 21

transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma.

Question 22

What is the process of cross-pollination?

Answer 22

the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on a different individual of the same species.

Question 23

What is the process of cross-fertilization?

Answer 23

the fusion of male and female gametes (sex cells) from different individuals of the same species.

Question 24

What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 24

improves the chances of producing at least some offspring that will survive in an unpredictably variable environment.

Question 25

What are the disadvantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 25

It takes time and energy are needed to find a mate, and it is not possible for an isolated individual to reproduce.

Question 26

What are the advantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 26

the population can increase rapidly when the conditions are favourable. only one parent is needed. it is more time and energy efficient as you don’t need a mate. it is faster than sexual reproduction.

Question 27

What are the disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 27

Lack of diversity. Since the offsprings are genetically identical to the parent they are more susceptible to the same diseases and nutrient deficiencies as the parent. All the negative mutations persist for generations.

Question 28

What are examples of organisms that can produce both sexually and asexually?

Answer 28

What are examples of organisms that can produce both sexually and asexually?