Patterns of Human Settlement

Question 1

Concentric Circle Theory

Answer 1

• cities grow in 5 outward rings
• land use based on distance from downtown
• 1 - CBD houses government, office, and commercial
• 2 - industrial zone
• 3 - zone of transition has mix of industrial and low-income housing
• 4 - zone of middle class housing
• 5 - commuter zone with higher income zoning
• Ernest Burgess
• bid rent curve

Question 2

Bid rent curve

Answer 2

• explains land use patterns based on how much people are willing to pay for land based on the profits that are likely to receive from maintaining a business on that land
• CBD has highest number of customers and therefore the most profit, so at the steep end of bid rent curve
• Ernest Burgess
• concentric circle theory

Question 3

Sector Theory

Answer 3

• land uses vary based on transportation routes
• city was a series of sectors radiating out from the center of the city
• Homer Hoyt

Question 4

Multiple nuclei theory

Answer 4

• cities develop a series of specific land use nuclei
• nuclei form because of access to natural resources, clustering of cimilar uses, land prices, and the repelling power of land uses
• Harris and Ullman

Question 5

Central Place Theory

Answer 5

• explain the size and spacing of cities
• there is a minimum market threshold to bring a firm to a city and a maximum range of people willing to travel to receive goods and services
• understanding hierarchy of retail establishments in cities (certain types can be closer together because smaller service areas)
• Walter Christaller