patterns in the periodic table Flashcards
what is the weight of an electron
0.0005
Protons, Neutrons and Electrons are not evenly distributed in atoms.
where are protons, neutrons and electrons found in the atom
Protons and Neutrons are found in the dense core called the Nucleus.
Electrons are found around the Nucleus in shells.
what is the atomic number
Atomic Number: The number of protons in the nucleus.
The mass of each atom results almost entirely from the number of protons and neutrons that are present.
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom is the mass number.
what is an isotope
Isotope:
An isotope is a form of a chemical element whose atomic nucleus contains a specific mass of neutrons, in addition to the number of protons that uniquely defines the element.
Isotopes are virtually identical in their chemical reactions, however there may be a difference in the speed of their reaction.
The have the same amount of protons and electrons but not neutrons.
The uncharged neutrons make no difference to chemical properties but do affect physical properties such as melting point and density.
patterns in the periodic table
Elements in the Periodic Table are arranged by nuclear number.
Elements with the same characteristics are grouped together on the periodic table.
A row of elements on the Periodic Table is called a period.
A column of elements on the Periodic Table is called a group.
Group 1 - Alkali Metals - Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
Group 2 - Alkaline Earth Metals - Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
Group 3-12 - Transition Metals - Au, Cu, Fe, Co, Zn, Ag, Cr, Hg, Ni, V, Mn, Sc, Ti, Cd, Pt, W, Rh, Y, Pd, Os, Mo, Ir, Re, Zr, Ta, Ru, Nb, Tc, Hf, Bh, Cn, Hs, Mt, Rg, Rf, Sg, Db, Ds.
Group 17 - Halogens - F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts
Group 18 - Noble Gases - He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, Og
Metalloids ⇆ Staircase (B,Si,Ge,As,Po,Sb)
Red ⇆ Gases Greens⇆ Metalloids Black Writing⇆ Solid
Metals ⇆ Left & Centre Non-Metals⇆ Mostly on the Right Metalloids⇆ in between
