classification of matter

Question 1

pure substances + types

Answer 1

Pure Substances: Made up of only 1 type of particle.

Types of Pure Substances:
Elements -pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances and they contain only one kind of atom. Ex, Mercury, Oxygen, etc. Elements are the building blocks for all other substances which can create anything.
Compounds -pure substances that contain two or more different elements in a fixed proportion, they can be identified with a chemical formula, ex. NaCl, H2O, 2SO4.

Alloy: Solution of Metals.

Question 2

mixtures + types of mixtures

Answer 2

Mixtures: Made up of 2 or more types of particles.

Types of Mixtures:
Heterogenous Mixtures -all components of the mixture are visible because they do not mix together. The particles are not distributed evenly.
Homogeneous Mixtures/Solutions -components cannot be distinguished from each other, and the mixture appears as one uniform substance. The particles distribute evenly throughout, as well.

Question 3

solutions

Answer 3

Solutions continued !!
Separate particles are not visible because one dissolves in the other = dissolution.

Solute: The particles that get dissolved.

Solvent: The particles that dissolve the solute.

Solvent dissolves the solute.

Question 4

elements vs. compounds

Answer 4

Elements

• Made up of one type of atom only
• Produced when elements combine together during a chemical reaction.

Compounds-
Contain 2 or more types of atoms.

Question 5

who is always diatomic

Answer 5

The HOFBrINCl family - always diatomic

H2 O2 2 Br2 2 2 Cl2

Question 6

chemical change + indicated by + examples

Answer 6

Chemical changes occur when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances.

Change is indicated by: 
Production of light
Production of gas
Changes in colour
The formation of a precipitate
The production or absorption of thermal energy

Examples: cooking, burning, rusting, etc.

Question 7

gas tests

Answer 7

Oxygen Gas Test - A glowing splint will reignite itself in the presence of Oxygen gas.

Hydrogen Gas Test - A burning splint will produce a small explosion and make a popping sound in the presence of Hydrogen gas.

Carbon Dioxide Test - Carbon Dioxide will extinguish a burning splint.
- Carbon Dioxide will make Limewater go from clear to cloudy. The cloudiness is a result of the formation of a precipitate.