Patient Care

Question 1

what is the normal temperature for adults?

Answer 1

98.6

Question 2

what could low temperature indicate? (4)

Answer 2

hypothermia, shock, dying, patient drank something cold

Question 3

what is a high temperature?

Answer 3

100.5°

Question 4

what could high temperature indicate? (6)

Answer 4

response to virus or bacteria, tumor fever/necrosis, response to drugs, septic shock, heat exhaustion, patient drank something hot

Question 5

what is the normal pulse?

Answer 5

60-100 beats per minute

Question 6

where should a pulse be checked?

Answer 6

radial artery, femoral artery, carotid artery

Question 7

what is low pulse?

Answer 7

60 bpm or less, bradycardia

Question 8

what causes bradycardia? (3)

Answer 8

medication, heart disease, athlete

Question 9

what is high pulse?

Answer 9

100 bpm or greater, tachycardia

Question 10

what causes tachycardia? (5)

Answer 10

fever, stress, dehydration, pain, heart disease

Question 11

what is normal respiration?

Answer 11

12-20 bpm

Question 12

what is low respiration?

Answer 12

rate less than 10

Question 13

what causes low respiration?

Answer 13

respiratory distress, narcotic or dug overdose, respiratory fatigue

Question 14

what is high respiration?

Answer 14

rate over 24

Question 15

what causes high respiration? (3)

Answer 15

fear, anxiety, copd

Question 16

what is normal blood pressure?

Answer 16

100-140/60-90

Question 17

what is the maximum pressure exerted against the artery walls when the heart contracts?

Answer 17

systole

Question 18

what is the pressure exerted against artery walls during relaxation of the heart muscle?

Answer 18

diastole

Question 19

what is low blood pressure?

Answer 19

hypotension

Question 20

what are the symptoms of hypotension?

Answer 20

sweaty, pale, rapid pulse, shallow breathing, nausea/vomiting

Question 21

what is the treatment hypotension?

Answer 21

lay flat or trendelenberg, keep warm, IV fluids

Question 22

what is high blood pressure?

Answer 22

hypertension

Question 23

what are the symptoms of hypertension?

Answer 23

usually none; may have headache or appear flushed

Question 24

what is the treatment for hypertension?

Answer 24

exercise, weight loss, low salt diet, medication

Question 25

what is the fifth vital sign?

Answer 25

pain

Question 26

what is myelosuppression?

Answer 26

reduction in bone marrow function

Question 27

what is the lowest blood count a patient gets post treatment?

Answer 27

Nadir

Question 28

when does a patient usually experience Nadir?

Answer 28

2-3 weeks after treatment

Question 29

what causes myelosuppression?

Answer 29

disease, radiation, or chemotherapy

Question 30

what is the normal white blood cell count?

Answer 30

4,000-10,000

Question 31

what is the function of white blood cells?

Answer 31

fight infection

Question 32

what is decreased white blood cell called?

Answer 32

leukopenia

Question 33

what steers treatment (regarding WBC)?

Answer 33

ANC (absolute neutrophil count)

Question 34

what are red blood cells?

Answer 34

erythrocytes

Question 35

what is the function of erythrocytes?

Answer 35

carry oxygen from the lungs, carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs

Question 36

what is the normal lifespan of erythrocytes?

Answer 36

120 days

Question 37

what protein is found in erythrocytes?

Answer 37

hemoglobin

Question 38

what is hemoglobin made of? (3)

Answer 38

iron, folic acid, vitamin B12

Question 39

where are erythrocytes made?

Answer 39

bone marrow

Question 40

what is the normal erythrocyte count?

Answer 40

4.1-5.1

Question 41

what does low erythrocyte count indicate?

Answer 41

anemia

Question 42

what are the symptoms of anemia? (6)

Answer 42

fatigue, weakness, dizzy, shortness of breath, pounding headache, ringing ears

Question 43

what is the function of hemoglobin?

Answer 43

oxygen carried on erythrocyte

Question 44

what is the abbreviation for hemoglobin?

Answer 44

Hgb

Question 45

what is the normal hemoglobin counts?

Answer 45

12-16 for women; 14-18 for men

Question 46

where is hemoglobin broken down?

Answer 46

liver

Question 47

what is the ratio of the packed red cells to the total blood volume?

Answer 47

hematocrit

Question 48

what is the abbreviation for hematocrit?

Answer 48

Hct

Question 49

what is the normal hematocrit counts?

Answer 49

36-47 for women; 38-54 for men

Question 50

what are the patient teachings for anemia? (4)

Answer 50

rest, conserve energy, move slowly especially with change, diet to include foods rich in iron

Question 51

what is the treatment for Hgb < 9 ?

Answer 51

procrit

Question 52

what is the treatment for Hgb < 8 ?

Answer 52

blood transfusion

Question 53

what is the function of platelets?

Answer 53

clotting mechanism

Question 54

what is the normal platelet count?

Answer 54

150,000-500,000

Question 55

what is a severely low platelet count?

Answer 55

< 50,000

Question 56

what is decreased platelets?

Answer 56

thrombocytopenia

Question 57

at what platelet count should you not treat a patient?

Answer 57

below 50,000

Question 58

what are symptoms of thrombocytopenia? (7)

Answer 58

nosebleeds, easy bruising, petechiae, prolonged bleeding, black or bloody stools, brown or bloody urine

Question 59

what are the patient teachings for platelets?

Answer 59

do not take aspirin, do not floss teeth, use soft tooth brush, shave with electric razor, blow nose gently, be careful of sharp objects

Question 60

acute radiation damage is most prominent in what type of tissues?

Answer 60

rapidly proliferating cells