Infection Control PJ

Question 1

what is free from biologic contaminants?

Answer 1

asepsis

Question 2

what does a patient experience if he has a perforated bowel?

Answer 2

sepsis

Question 3

what is keeping the working environment clean called?

Answer 3

medical asepsis

Question 4

what is keeping surgical tools and fields sterile called?

Answer 4

surgical asepsis

Question 5

what is the collective term used to describe clinical signs and symptoms associated with infectious agents or unknown etiology?

Answer 5

disease

Question 6

what is it called when a person develops the infection but displays no observational signs or symptoms?

Answer 6

sub-clinical infection

Question 7

does a sub-clincal infection initiate an immune response?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what is another form of infection that does not invoke an immune response?

Answer 8

colonization

Question 9

what is a person called who is not ill but is colonized?

Answer 9

carrier

Question 10

what is the presence of microorganisms on the body or inanimate objects?

Answer 10

contamination

Question 11

what are infections acquired by patients and workers in a health care setting?

Answer 11

nosocomial infection

Question 12

what is the estimate of nosocomial infections in the US?

Answer 12

5.7% (larger hospitals about 10%)

Question 13

who focuses on lowering specific infections in healthcare settings?

Answer 13

joint commisssion

Question 14

what percentage of nosocomial infections are preventable?

Answer 14

30-50%

Question 15

infectious disease cannot occur without what?

Answer 15

the presence of an infectious agent or pathogen

Question 16

what is the ability of an infectious agent (pathogens) to cause clinical disease?

Answer 16

pathogenicity

Question 17

what is the severity of a clinical disease?

Answer 17

virulence

Question 18

what is the number of microorganisms in a clinical disease?

Answer 18

dose

Question 19

where does the microorganism live and reproduce?

Answer 19

reservoir

Question 20

where does the microorganism come from?

Answer 20

source

Question 21

the person to whom the agent is passed is called what?

Answer 21

host

Question 22

what three phases does the host go through?

Answer 22

incubation, clinical disease, convalescence

Question 23

what is the time between exposure and appearance of the first syndrome?

Answer 23

incubation

Question 24

what is the time interval in which the patient exhibits clinical signs and symptoms?

Answer 24

clinical disease

Question 25

what is the stage of recovery from the illness?

Answer 25

convalescence

Question 26

during which stage is the susceptible host contagious?

Answer 26

may be contagious during any or all

Question 27

what is the movement of infectious agent from source to host?

Answer 27

transmission

Question 28

what is the most frequent transmission route?

Answer 28

direct contact

Question 29

what is an inanimate vehicle that can transmit infectious agents to multiple persons?

Answer 29

fomite

Question 30

what are the five methods of transmissions?

Answer 30

contact (direct or indirect), droplet contact, common vehicle spread, airborne transmission, vector borne transmission

Question 31

what is it called when all air flows into a room then out of the hospital?

Answer 31

negative pressure room

Question 32

what works against specific antigens?

Answer 32

antibodies

Question 33

what does a vaccine serve as? (foreign substance)

Answer 33

antigen