PATIENT CARE 2

Question 1

Are plastic or rubber tubes inserted through the nasopharynx into the stomach.

Answer 1

NASOGASTRIC TUBE

Question 2

The primary use of an NGT

Answer 2

The primary use of an NGT is for decompression or removal of flatus and fluids
from the stomach.

Question 2

OTHER USE OF NASOGASTRIC TUBE

Answer 2

used for feeding

Question 2

2 most common NG tubes used for
gastric decompression:

Answer 2

Levin tube
Salem

Question 2

difference between levin tube and salem

Answer 2

Levin tube single lumen tube with several holes near its tip.

Salem sump tube is a radiopaque double lumen tube

Question 3

what are the 2 lumen tube of salem and its function

Answer 3

one of the lumina air vent
one of the lumen removing
gastric
content

Question 4

Cleansing enema is used to promote
defecation

Answer 4

Cleansing enema i

Question 5

It breaks up the fecal mass, stretches
the rectal wall and initiates a
defecation reflex.

Answer 5

CLEANSING ENEMA

Question 5

how many mL are use for hypertonic enema

Answer 5

120-180 mL

Question 6

TYPES OF ENEMAS

Answer 6

Tap water (hypotonic)
Hypertonic solution

Question 7

is the safest, especially for infants, children and older pts

Answer 7

Saline

Question 8

has the same osmolarity as the interstitial spaces of the colon

Answer 8

Saline

Question 9

pure castile soap added to either tap water or normal saline depending upon the patient condition

Answer 9

Soapsuds solution

Question 10

• promote peristalsis and defacation

Answer 10

• Soapsuds solution

Question 11

uses oil-based solution of an amount of 120 to 140 ml) to be absorbed by the stool.

Answer 11

Oil retention

Question 12

oil is retained in the body for how long

Answer 12

1 hr

Question 13

cleansing enema is use to prep for

Answer 13

barium enema

Question 14

• promote peristalsis and defacation

Answer 14

Soapsuds solution

Question 15

• produce mild irritation of the bowel.

Answer 15

Soapsuds solution

Question 16

how many oil based solution is used on oil retention

Answer 16

120-140 ml

Question 17

Indication for colostomy

Answer 17

• trauma
• cancer
• diverticulitis
• ulcerative colitis

Question 18

– opening established in the abdominal wall by colostomy, ileostomy, etc.

Answer 18

STOMA

Question 19

surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the surface of the body; also used to refer to the opening, or stoma so created.

Answer 19

COLOSTOMY

Question 20

are performed when a portion of bowel is removed.

Answer 20

PERMANENT COLOSTOMIES

Question 21

– is performed to heal or rest a diseased portion of bowel.

Answer 21

TEMPORARY COLOSTOMY

Question 22

types of colostomies

Answer 22

descending or sigmoid transverse double-barrel

Question 23

is a permanent colostomy in w/c the diseased portion of the colon or rectum is removed

Answer 23

* Descending or sigmoid colostomy

Question 24

has a portion of the transverse colon removed.

Answer 24

Transverse colostomy

Question 25

- two stomas are formed: the proximal delivers stool, and the distal produces mucus.

Answer 25

Double-barrel colostomy

Question 26

APPROACH FOR PT WITH COLOSTOMY

Answer 26

* Persons with new colostomies go through the grieving process. * Loss of bowel can be viewed in the same light as any other loss, including death. * Pt typically pass through various stages - denial, anger, bargaining, depression, finally acceptance * Caring for patient with a new ostomy requires sensitivity and a matter-0f-fact attitude (plain speaking). * Pt can interpret even a hint of revulsion or hesitancy. * If student who had never seen an ostomy should observe routines first.

Question 27

Radiographic examination with the use of contrast media to evaluate small or large bowel that has been connected to the skin surface with an ostomy

Answer 27

LOOPOGRAM

Question 28

Indications for loopogram

Answer 28

- Obstruction - Inflammatory bowel disease - Lesions of the bowel wall (diverticula, polyps, CA) - Placement of ostomy (temporary colostomy) - Looking at the bowel before reconnection

Question 29

how many percent of patients have their bowels removed because of cancer recurrences, which necessitate follow-up studies

Answer 29

10

Question 30

3 TYPES OF COLOSTOMY TIPS

Answer 30

* Cone-shaped tip with a long drainage bag Nipple colostomy tips Double-barrel (dual tubings) colostomy tip

Question 31

is the type of enema for the colostomy that should prevent the expulsion of feces for 24 hrs.)

Answer 31

Irrigation

Question 32

when should a stoma be irrigated

Answer 32

night before and morning of the examination

Question 33

what a patient should not take before loopogram

Answer 33

bismuth subgallate tablets