LOWER LIMB Flashcards
The bones of the distal lower limb are divided into
leg, and distal femur.
how many bones on one foot
26
the bones of the foot are divded into three groups which are as well as their quantity?
phalanges()14, metatarsals(5), and tarsals(7)
most distalbone of the foot
phalanges
bones at the first digit
distal and proximal phalanges
what phalanges is smaller in the foot or hand?
foot
what do you call to the bones of the instep
metatarsal
what are the 3 parts of the metatarsal
head, body, and base
which metatarsal is expanded laterally into a prominent rough tuberosity
baste of the fifth metatarsal
common trauma site of foot
proximal portion of the fifth metatarsal,
joints at the head of the metatarsal is the
metatarsophalangeal
(MTP) joint
the joints at the base of the
metatarsal
tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint
what is the centering point or the central ray
3rd digit
what is the small, detached bones,
sesamoid bones
The largest sesamoid bone in the body
patella,
the sesamoid
bone on the medial side of the lower limb is termed
tibial
sesamoid
the sesamoid
bone on the lateral side of the lower limb is termed
fibular sesamoid bone
The seven large bones of the proximal foot are called
tarsal bones.
what are the 7 tarsal bones
calcaneus, talus, cuboid, navicular, frist to 3rd cuineiform
calcaneus, talus, and navicular bones are sometimes known
by alternative names
os calcis, astragalus, and scaphoid.
The largest and strongest bone of the foot
Calcaneus
The most posterior-inferior part of the calcaneus contains
a process called the
tuberosity.
sharp outgrowths of
bone that can be painful on weight-bearing.
bone spurs
means a support for the talus.
sustentaculum tali
second largest tarsal bone
Talus
The weight of the body is transmitted
by this bone through the important ankle and talocalcaneal joints
Talus
a flattened, oval bone that is located on the medial
side of the foot between the talus and the three cuneiforms.
navicular
meaning “wedge-shaped”)
Cuneiforms
located on
the medial and mid aspects of the foot between the first three
metatarsals distally and the navicular proximally.
Cuneiforms
The largest cuneiform
medial (first)
cuneiform
smallest of the cuneiforms
intermediate (second) cuneiform,
located on the lateral aspect of the foot, distal to the
calcaneus and proximal to the fourth and fifth metatarsals.
Cuboid
providing a strong, shock-absorbing
support for the weight of the body
Longitudinal arch
located primarily along the
plantar surface of the distal tarsals and the tarsometatarsal joints.
Transverse arch
ankle joint is formed by
tibia and fibula, and talus
expanded distal end of the slender fibula, which extends
well down alongside the talus
lateral malleolus
medial elongated process of the tibia that
extends down alongside the medial talus
medial
malleolus.
three-sided opening
mortise,
the entire three-part joint space of the ankle
mortise is not seen on
true frontal view (AP projection)
A line
drawn through the midportions of the two malleoli would be
approximately
15° to 20°
the weightbearing
bone of the lower leg.
Tibia
make up the medial and lateral aspects of the
proximal tibia.
medial and lateral condyles
The single exception to the synovial joint is the
distal tibiofibular
joint- fibrous joint
The joints or articulations of the lower limb all are classified as
synovial joints
is a flat triangular bone about 2 inches
(5 cm) in diameter.
Patella
he smooth, shallow, triangular depression
at the distal portion of the anterior femur that extends up under
the lower part of the patella,
patellar surface
deep depression between the posterior and middle articular
facets is called the
calcaneal sulcus
