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Patient Care > Patient Care 1 > Flashcards

Patient Care 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Crookes Tube?

A

First device that produced x-rays

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2
Q

Did research experiments in the 1870s and 1880s discover x-rays?

A

No, doing experiments on neon signs and fluorescent lights did (in 1895)

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3
Q

Who is considered the “father of x-rays”?

A

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

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4
Q

Who was Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen?

A

German physicist that discovered that x-rays were being emitted by the Crookes tube.

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5
Q

When and where did Roentgen discover x-rays?

A

November 8, 1895 at the University of Wurzburg

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6
Q

H.C. Snook

A

developed interrutperless transformers that provided the necessary electricity for x-ray production

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7
Q

William Coolidge

A

designed the “hot cathode” x-ray tube, the Coolidge tube was the prototype for modern x-ray tubes today

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8
Q

Michael Idvorsky Pupin

A

demonstrated the radiographic use of fluorescent screens (predecessor of intensifying screens)

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9
Q

Thomas Edison

A

developed the first fluoroscope (discovered many of the fluorescent materials used today in imaging)

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10
Q

Charles Dally

A

Thomas Edison’s assistant and the first fatality from x-ray exposure in the United States in 1904 (Edison ceased his research of x-rays after Dally’s death)

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11
Q

George Eastman

A

invented the first x-ray film base in 1914

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12
Q

What was the first anatomic radiograph?

A

Roentgen produced the first anatomic radiograph of his wife’s hand

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13
Q

When was the first documented medical use of x-rays in the United States?

A

February 1896 (an exam of a boy’s fractured wrist, performed at Dartmouth College)

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14
Q

What were the first “x-ray technicians”

A

Assistants of physicians who were trained by their physicians and became skilled in radiography

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15
Q

When did radiation therapy education become separate from radiography

A

1950s

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16
Q

What does a radiographer do?

A

-Positions the patient’s anatomy to be imaged over the image receptor (IR)
-Aligns x-ray tube (beam or central ray) to the IR
-Sets exposure factors
-Activates the exposure switch

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17
Q

What is latent image?

A

x-ray photons that exit the patient strike the IR to create latent image (invisible, initial image of anatomy, processed through manifest image)

18
Q

What is manifest image?

A

obtained depending on the type of IR (a processed image, digital displays on a monitor)

19
Q

4 basic requirements for the production of x-rays:

A

-A vacuum (x-ray tube)
-Electron source (filament)
-A target for the electrons (anode)
-A high potential difference (voltage) between the electron source and the target (opposite charges attract)

20
Q

What is the primary source of occupational exposure?

A

scatter radiation (created when. portion of an x-rays photon’s energy is absorbed)

21
Q

Cathode

A

filament (source of electrons in x-ray tubes)

22
Q

Anode

A

the target (small metal disc that receives the electron beam from cathode and emits it as x-ray)

23
Q

What is X-ray Tube Housing?

A

protective covering around the x-ray tube (protects and supports components, shields from off-focus radiator)

24
Q

What is the X-ray Tube Support and its 2 types?

A

provides support and mobility for the tube
-Ceiling mount
-Floor stand

25
Q

What is the Collimator?

A

Controls the size of radiation field and is attached to tube housing. (light provides centering lines to aid in alignment of image receptor (IR) to patient).

26
Q

What is a Radiographic Table?

A

specialized unit that supports the patient

27
Q

What is a Fluoroscope?

A

an x-ray machine designed for direct viewing of the x-ray image, it permits the radiologist to view and record x-ray images in motion in real time (video)

28
Q

What is the difference between X-rays and Fluoroscopy?

A

X-ray is an image meanwhile fluoroscopy is a video in real time

29
Q

What is the Trendelenburg Position-Head 15?

A

the body is laid supine on a 15-30 degree incline with the feet elevated above the head

30
Q

What are Grids and Buckys?

A

devices used to reduce the effect of scatter radiation on image quality

31
Q

What is an Upright Image Receptor Unit?

A

a device that holds the IR and/or a Bucky (grid) in a vertical position (used on standing x-rays such as a chest x-ray)

32
Q

What is a Transformer?

A

provides the high voltage necessary to produce x-rays

33
Q

What is the Control Console?

A

located behind a shielded wall, a computer system where you/re able to control taking x-rays (input device for setting exposure factors, acting the exposure, and on/off powering of the unit)

34
Q

What is used in fluoroscopy that allows an image to be viewed in ambient light rather than in the dark?

A

image intensifier (original images are very dim)

35
Q

What are the Radiographer’s duties in fluoroscopic exams?

A

-Obtain patient’s history (including appropriate pre procedural preparation such as diet and bowel cleaning)
-Complete necessary pre procedural paperwork (ex: required consent and education forms)
-Assist the patient during disrobing and gowning
-Explain the procedure to the patient
-Produce the required preliminary (scout ) images
-Set the control panel correctly for fluoroscopy and spot film radiography
-Position the patient for the start of the procedure

36
Q

What is the A in AIDET?

A

acknowledge (smile, greet patient by name, make eye contact, acknowledge family in the room)

37
Q

What is the I in AIDET?

A

introduce (introduce yourself by name, skill set, and department and the procedure)

38
Q

What is the D in AIDET?

A

duration (give accurate time expectation for the test, physician arrival, etc.)

39
Q

What Is the E in AIDET?

A

explanation (answer patient’s questions, explain what to expect for test, let the patient know how to contact you, let the patient explain what the reason for procedure is)

40
Q

What is the T in AIDET?

A

thank you (thank the patient and/or family)

Patient Care (5 decks)

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