Patient Assessment and Inpatient Care

Question 1

What does patient privacy consist of?

Answer 1

-personal space
-personal data
-personal choices (religious/cultural)
-personal relationships

Question 2

What should you do to ensure patient comfortability?

Answer 2

-pillow or blanket
-head of bed up more
-change position
-elevate legs
-reassuring/friendly communication

Question 3

What are some examples of physical needs you need to respond to?

Answer 3

-drink of water
-elimination
-sanitary needs

Question 4

What specific hx info do you need for an OB-GYN exam?

Answer 4

LMP, pregnancy Hx

Question 5

What specific hx info do you need for an ABD exam?

Answer 5

food tolerance, pain duration

Question 6

What specific hx info do you need for an echo exam?

Answer 6

exercise tolerance, chest pain

Question 7

What specific hx info do you need for a vascular exam?

Answer 7

location and duration of pain, coloration of extremities

Question 8

What information do we need from the Pt regarding pain?

Answer 8

1. Onset
2. Duration
3. Specific location
4. Quality of pain
5. What aggravates it
6. What alleviates it

Question 9

What is the most recognizable physical change?

Answer 9

skin color

Question 10

What are “cold sweats” aka

Answer 10

diaphoretic

Question 11

What could hot, dry skin indicate?

Answer 11

fever

Question 12

What could warm, moist skin indicate?

Answer 12

response to room temp

Question 13

What could cool, moist skin indicate?

Answer 13

acute anxiety

Question 14

What are the vital signs?

Answer 14

temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure

Question 15

What is the normal oral body temp?

Answer 15

98.2-99.6

Question 16

What is normal rectal body temp?

Answer 16

.5-1 degree higher than oral temp

Question 17

What is normal axillary body temp?

Answer 17

.5-1 degree lower than oral temp

Question 18

What is normal forehead (temporal artery) body temp?

Answer 18

.5-1 degree lower than oral temp

Question 19

What temp is considered a fever for adults?

Answer 19

100.4 or higher

Question 20

What is pulse?

Answer 20

pressure wave in an artery with each contraction of the heart

Question 21

What is the normal range for pulse?

Answer 21

60-100 bpm

Question 22

What is considered tachycardia?

Answer 22

greater than 100 bpm

Question 23

What is considered brachycardia?

Answer 23

less than 60 bpm

Question 24

What is arrhythmia?

Answer 24

abnormal heart beats

Question 25

What are the common pulse points?

Answer 25

-temporal -carotid -radial -femoral -pedal -apical

Question 26

What is the normal range for resipiration?

Answer 26

12-20 breaths per minute

Question 27

What is dyspnea?

Answer 27

shortness of breath

Question 28

What is tachypnea?

Answer 28

rapid breathing

Question 29

What is hyperventilation?

Answer 29

too much oxygen, breathing too quickly and deeply

Question 30

What is hypoventilation?

Answer 30

too much CO2, not enough oxygen breathing too shallow and slow

Question 31

What is orthopnea?

Answer 31

difficulty breathing when recumbent (laying flat)

Question 32

What are common diseases that affect respiration?

Answer 32

emphysema COPD

Question 33

What is the top number in BP representing?

Answer 33

systolic pressure, pumping action of heart

Question 34

What is the bottom number in BP representing?

Answer 34

diastolic pressure, ability of arterial system to accept blood

Question 35

What is the normal range for blood pressure?

Answer 35

120/80 95-140 for systolic 60-90 for diastolic

Question 36

What BP is considered HTN?

Answer 36

diastolic pressure greater than 90

Question 37

What BP is considered hypotension?

Answer 37

diastolic pressure below 50

Question 38

What is the normal range for blood oxygen levels?

Answer 38

95-100%

Question 39

What is a normally spaced rhythm called in a EKG?

Answer 39

sinus

Question 40

What are premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)

Answer 40

irregular or early ventricular contractions

Question 41

What is ventricular fibrillation (V fib)?

Answer 41

heart quivers or fibrillates and loses ability to contract most common cause of sudden death

Question 42

What is ventricular tachycardia (V tach)?

Answer 42

heart rate increases to 150-250 bpm, beats to fast to be effective

Question 43

What is IV therapy aka?

Answer 43

drip

Question 44

What does IV therapy provide?

Answer 44

-hydration/fluids -blood transfusions -IV meds -chemo -nutrition

Question 45

Where are central IV lines placed?

Answer 45

SVC, subclavian, internal jugular, femoral, IVC, right atrium

Question 46

What is PICC?

Answer 46

peripherally inserted central catheter

Question 47

What are PICC lines used for?

Answer 47

used when IV access is required for a long period of time (long term chemo, IV antibiotics)

Question 48

What is The Seldinger Technique?

Answer 48

using a vein in the arm a catheter is advanced into the SVC/RA, x-ray or fluoroscopy is used to ensure catheter tip is in correct location

Question 49

What is a Sub-Q Port?

Answer 49

central venous line that does not have external connector but has small reservoir that is implanted under the skin

Question 50

What are infusion pumps?

Answer 50

allows precise control over the rate of flow and total amount delivered

Question 51

What are G tubes?

Answer 51

feeding tube to provide nutrition typically long term use aka enteral feeding

Question 52

What are NG tubes?

Answer 52

a nasogastric feeding tube, passes through nostril and down esophagus into stomach

Question 53

Why is suction used?

Answer 53

to clear the airway of blood, saliva, vomit so patient can breathe

Question 54

How much oxygen is in room air?

Answer 54

21%

Question 55

How much oxygen is provided with nasal cannulas?

Answer 55

30-35%

Question 56

What are the different ways oxygen can be delivered to a pt?

Answer 56

- wall oxygen - canister oxygen - nasal cannulas - face mask

Question 57

When moving a pt on oxygen, what should you always be sure to do?

Answer 57

use the same concentration of oxygen

Question 58

What is intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC)?

Answer 58

leg massagers used to prevent blood clots in deep veins of LE after bed rest / surgery

Question 59

What are ventilators used for?

Answer 59

mechanically move air into and out of lungs used to provide breathing for patients who cannot

Question 60

What is a tracheotomy?

Answer 60

allows a patient to breath without use of mouth or nose incision on anterior neck to open direct airway through incision in trachea

Question 61

What are urinary catheters used for?

Answer 61

drain the bladder needs drainage bag that is lower than the bladder

Question 62

What are the two types of catheters?

Answer 62

indwelling and condom

Question 63

What is an indwelling catheter?

Answer 63

catheter that is left in the bladder used for extended periods of time inserted through urethra has small balloon so it stays in place

Question 64

How much saline if infused into the bladder when retrograde filling a catherter?

Answer 64

300ccs

Question 65

What is a colostomy?

Answer 65

surgical procedure that creates an opening between bowel and outside of body

Question 66

What are indications for a colostomy?

Answer 66

1. section of colon/rectum has been removed due to cancer and connection to anus is disrupted 2. section of colon/rectum has been operated on a needs to rest