Pathophysiology of SLE Exam 2

Question 1

Epidemiology for SLE

Answer 1

• High female:male ratio, particularly between ages 15 and 50 (ratio 9:1)
• Pediatric and post-menopausal patients, female:male ratio lower
• Affects 20-70 per 100,000 in the general population
• More common in African-Americans, Hispanics, Asians, Native Americans than in Caucasians

Question 2

Etiology for SLE

Answer 2

• Evidence suggests that genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors all play a role
• Genetic predisposition is multifactorial: HLA may play a role, Non-HLA genes – multiple genes involved
• Drug-induced lupus can occur

Question 3

Prognosis for SLE

Answer 3

• 10 year survival rate – 92%
• Lupus nephritis is poor prognostic sign – 10 year survival rate drops to 88%
• Deaths associated with renal failure, CNS disease, or infections resulting from disease process or drug therapy
• Higher than expected incidence of atherosclerotic disease, which can also increase mortality

Question 4

1997 ACR disease criteria and 2012 SLICC: what they have in common

Answer 4

• Arthritis
• Malar rash
• Discoid rash
• Serositis (pleuritis, pericarditis)
• Renal disorder
• Neurologic disorder (seizure, psychosis)
• Hemolytic anemia
• Specific antibody (anti-Sm, anti-dsDNA, aPL)
• Oral ulceration
• Positive ANA