Pathology Terms Flashcards
Anomaly
deviation from the normal anatomic structure, growth, development or function; an abnormality
Benign
The mild or non-threatening character of an illness or the non-malignant character of a neoplasm.
Biopsy
Process of removing tissue for histologic evaluation
Cyst
Pathological cavity, usually lined with epithelium, containing fluid or soft matter
Edema
(noun) a condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body.
Edematous
Edematous: (adjective) related to an accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells, tissues, or body cavities
Erythema
(noun) redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. It occurs with any skin injury, infection, or inflammation
Excision
Surgical removal of bone or tissue.
Exostoses
Developmental, nonmalignant bony overgrowths. (singular is exostosis)
Induration/indurated
Abnormally hard/hardened, sclerosis
Lymphadenitis
Inflammation of a lymph node or nodes
Macule
Circumscribed area of any size characterized by its flatness and usually distinguished from surrounding skin by its coloration; Circumscribed change in the color of skin that is neither raised nor depressed; completely flat and can only be appreciated by visual inspection and not by touch.
Malignant
Having the properties of dysplasia, invasion, and metastasis.
Nodule
Elevated solid area more than 5 mm across; a raised solid lesion more than 1 cm. and may be in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous tissue
Palpation
A phase of the examination procedure in which the sense of touch is used to gather data essential for diagnosis
Parulis
a localizes abscess of the gingiva, please don’t call it a gum boil
Pedunculated
A cyst or polyp that is supported by an elongated stalk of tissue; on a stalk or has a narrow base compared to the body of the lesion (like a mushroom)
Petechiae
Minute hemorrhages into skin, mucous membranes, or serosal surfaces
Plaque
Elevated flat-topped area, usually more than 5 mm across; a solid, raised, flat-topped lesion greater than 1 cm. in diameter (analogous to the geological formation, the plateau)
Purulence
containing or discharging pus (one “s”)
Pustule
Discrete pus-filled raised area
Serous
Thin or watery fluid
Stomatitis
Generalized oral lesions, such as vesicles, bullae, erosions, or ulcers commonly found in patients in debilitated health or suffering from an autoimmune disorder; Inflammation of the membranes of the mouth.
Supernumerary teeth
Extra erupted or unerupted teeth that resemble teeth of normal shape.
Suppuration
the process of forming pus
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
The connecting hinge mechanism between the base of the skull (temporal bone) and the lower jaw (mandible).
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD or TMJD)
Abnormal functioning of temporomandibular joint; also refers to symptoms arising in other areas secondary to the dysfunction.
Tori
Plural form of torus
Torus
A benign bone growth occurring in the lingual surface of the mandibular condyle and occasionally at the palatal midline; A bony elevation or protuberance of bone. Also called an exostosis(es)
Traumatic Ulcer
A localized area on the skin or mucosa in which the surface epithelium has been destroyed as a result of trauma
Tumor
A swelling caused by abnormal cell growth
Ulcer
(noun) An open break in the skin or mucosa (ulceration, ulcerate, ulcerated, ulcerating)
Vesicle
Fluid-filled raised area 5mm or less across; raised lesions less than 1 cm. in diameter that are filled with clear fluid
Xerostomia
Decreased salivary secretion that produces a dry and sometimes burning sensation of the oral mucosa and/or cervical caries; Dry mouth.
