Pathology of the Joints and Synovium Flashcards
To perfect the test
movable joint that is lined by a synovial membrane
synovial or diarthrodial joint
joint that provides little movement
synarthrosis
the sternomanubrial joint is an example of
synchondrosis joint
pathologic bony bridge bttn bones
synostosis
boundary of joint space anchored to underlying
capsule and does not cover the articular surfaces
contour is smooth except near the osseous insertion,
where it is thrown into numerous villous folds
synovial membrane
Cuboidal connective cells arranged one to four cell
layers deep which synthesize hyaluronic acid and
various proteins
synoviocytes
Lacks a basement membrane allows quick exchange
between blood and synovial fluid
synovial lining
what are the functions of synovial fluid
it contains hyaluronic acid that acts as a lubricant and provides nutrition for the articular hyaline cartilage
what is cloning
chondrocyte proliferation forming clusters
reactive bone formation at joint margins
osteophytes
enlargement of the DIP
Heberden’s node
enlargement of the PIP
bouchard’s node
sclerotic thickened bony trabeculae
eburnation
dislodged pieces of cartilage and subchondral bone
loose bodies/ rice bodies
hallmark of RA
pannus formation
char by proliferaton of lymphocytes and plasma cells forming a reactive follicle with prominent germinal center
chronic synovitis
char by edematous synovium with mixed inflammatory infiltrates, fibroblastic proliferation and granulation tissue formation
pannus formation
most important type of cytokines that leads to destruction of the synovivum
TNF
enlarged chondrocyte lacunae within articular cartilage due to dead chondrocytes
weichselbaum’s lacunae
hallmark of repair in RA
granulation tissue
hard granuloma is commonly found in
sarcoidosis or hypersensitivity pneumonitis
caseation necrosis, differential would be
TB or fungal infection
if fibrinoid necrosis differential would be
RA
if liquefactive necrosis differential would be
Wegener’s granulomatosis