Pathology of Obstructive Lung Diseases

Question 1

What is obstructive lung disease characterised by?

Answer 1

Airflow limitation

Question 2

In obstructive lung disease, is FEV1 increased or reduced?

Answer 2

reduced

Question 3

Bronchial asthma is described as an inflammatory condition of the what?

Answer 3

Conducting airways in the lungs

Question 4

Bronchial asthma is generally considered to be reversible or irreversible?

Answer 4

Reversible

Question 5

Why is bronchial asthma considered to be reversible?

Answer 5

As it is caused by muscle spasm and inflammation, 2 not permanent processes

Question 6

Why is it that an asthmatic attack can be soothed by medical intervention?

Answer 6

It is a reversible process

Question 7

What is the main common cause of COPD?

Answer 7

Exposure to tobacco smoke

Question 8

IS the damage in airflow limitation in COPD reversible?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

How is chronic bronchitis defined clinically?

Answer 9

Cough productive of sputum

Question 10

What is the name of the most common form of emphysema?

Answer 10

Centriacinar

Question 11

What is the name given to the form of emphysema that is connected to alpha-1-trypsin deficiency?

Answer 11

Panacinar

Question 12

What is the definition of a bulla?

Answer 12

An emphysematous space greater than 1cm

Question 13

Emphysema can be caused by the inbalance of what?

Answer 13

Protease and antiprotease

Question 14

How is type 1 respiratory failure defined?

Answer 14

Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood being less than 8kPa

Question 15

Give the 4 main ways that gas exchange can be compromised?

Answer 15

Ventilation/perfusion imbalance
Diffusion impairment
Reduced respiratory drive
During acute exacerbation

Question 16

A fall in PaO2 due to hypoventilation can be corrected by doing what?

Answer 16

Raising the fraction of inspired air which is oxygen