Clinical features of COPD Flashcards
COPD is characterised by what?
Airflow obstruction that does not change markedly over several months
Name 3 diseases associated with airflow obstruction
Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema
Asthma
Why is it that those with a lower socio-economic status are more likely to have COPD?
Due to a higher prevalence of smoking and a worse diet
What percentage of COPD is attributable to smoking?
85%
What is the function of alpha-1-antitrypsin?
It neutralises enzymes released by neutrophils
Where is alpha-1-antitrypsin produced?
The liver
What is a pack year?
A pack year equals having 1 pack of cigarettes (20 cigarettes) every day for a full year
What is the rate of decline of FEV1 for a non-smoker?
Around 30ml/year
Maternal smoking causes the child to have what at age 25?
An FEV1 of 75% of what it should be
What is the main differentiation between COPD and asthma?
COPD will worsen, as with asthma it will alternate, on some days it will be better than others
What response will a person with COPD have to a short-term dose of oral corticosteroids?
Minimal response
What will happen to someone with COPD during an infection in terms of their breathlessness?
The breathlessness will increase
