Pathology extra

Question 1

hepatitis is what type of virus

Answer 1

hepadnaviradae

Question 2

where does cytostolic Ca come from

Answer 2

Mitochondria

Question 3

common cancer in males and females

Answer 3

lung

doubled in last 40 years

Question 4

most common site of MI

when does irreversible cell injury occur

Answer 4

LAD

20-40 mins

Question 5

most prominent risk reduction for stopping smoking

Answer 5

MI

Question 6

transfusion reaction hypersensitivity

serum sickness/arthus

tuburculin

Answer 6

2

3

4

Question 7

what dont familial tumours have

Answer 7

specific phenotypes

Question 8

what collagen is deposited in cirrhosis

Answer 8

1.3

Question 9

most common cause AVN

Answer 9

steroids

Question 10

is metaplasia reversible

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

benign bone tumour

Answer 11

osteochondroma

Question 12

percentage with islet cell antibodies in t1dm

Answer 12

70-80

Question 13

oestrogen and osteoclasts

Answer 13

inhibits them

Question 14

RSV and x-ray

Answer 14

interstitial infiltrates

Question 15

in hopsital death rate MI

Answer 15

7%

Question 16

hypersensitivity involving lymphocytes

Answer 16

3

Question 17

what is the major cause of tissue damage in tb

Answer 17

granulomas

Question 18

what channel causes insulin release

Answer 18

VGCC

Question 19

perecentage of MI causing arrthymia

Answer 19

90

Question 20

most common cause pericarditis

Answer 20

viral

post mi

Question 21

bigger effect on tissues - T3 or T4?

Answer 21

T3

Question 22

compound commonly lost in OA

Answer 22

hyaluronan

Question 23

how long does EPO take to work

what stops it

Answer 23

5-7 days

theophylline

Question 24

how long are stored platelets viable for

Answer 24

24 hours

Question 25

characteristics of aids

Answer 25

cd4 loss greater less hypersensitivity increased circulating immune complexes

Question 26

what defines hep b carrier state

Answer 26

HBsAg for over 6 months

Question 27

what are the majority of HIV cases from

Answer 27

heterosexual

Question 28

what inactivates free radicals

Answer 28

glutathione

Question 29

how does rhabo damage muscles

Answer 29

damages sarcomere

Question 30

what size are most infarcts biggest risk for infarcts

Answer 30

wedge bed

Question 31

ATP loss in infarction

Answer 31

depletion in seconds 50% normal 10 mins 10% normal 40 mins

Question 32

when do fatty streaks appear in the aorta

Answer 32

1yr old

Question 33

what causes conjunctivitis

Answer 33

adenovirus

Question 34

anatomy of blood vessel

Answer 34

Question 35

what does SCA anaemia do to bone marrow

Answer 35

normoplastic hyperplasia

Question 36

lines of zahn no RBC in supernatant

Answer 36

antimortem post

Question 37

key in melanoma

Answer 37

nodule development

Question 38

key transporter in insulin

Answer 38

GLUT2

Question 39

contraction bands in MI

Answer 39

reperfusion injury

Question 40

common presentation of appendicits in preschool

Answer 40

gastro NB neutrophil invasion of muscular layer

Question 41

what percentage of endocarditis culture nothing

Answer 41

10%

Question 42

why does metaplasia occur

Answer 42

reprogramming of cells

Question 43

most common site of malignancy haem spread

Answer 43

liver and lung

Question 44

what happens to haptoglobins in haemolysis

Answer 44

go up

Question 45

what does tetanus produce perfringens

Answer 45

heavy and light chain alpha

Question 46

where is serotonin pre formed

Answer 46

mast cells and platelets

Question 47

where is Iga found

Answer 47

resp GI

Question 48

mitotic signal protein

Answer 48

RAS

Question 49

highest risk in male smokers

Answer 49

lip, oral

Question 50

what causes croup

Answer 50

parainfluenze

Question 51

endothelium v epithelium

Answer 51

endo enclosed epi outside world

Question 52

what forms bradykini

Answer 52

kallikrellin

Question 53

what GI cancer does smoking cause

Answer 53

pancreatic also saccular aneurysms

Question 54

hepatitis A incubation

Answer 54

2-6 weeks

Question 55

what stimulates IL1 in osteroporosis

Answer 55

low oestrogen

Question 56

H in getsmashed

Answer 56

hypercalcaemia hypertriglycerides

Question 57

Acyanotic heart disease

Answer 57

VSD

Question 58

sign of irreversible cell injury

Answer 58

swelling and fatty change

Question 59

how does botulism work

Answer 59

inhibits ACH

Question 60

where do lymphocytes usually live

Answer 60

lymph nodes spleen thymus

Question 61

segmental glomerulosclerosis

Answer 61

loss of foot processes

Question 62

vegetarian stones

Answer 62

calcium oxalate

Question 63

what is phimosis linked to?

Answer 63

carcinomas