Pathology extra Flashcards by Ryan Govier | Brainscape

Q

hepatitis is what type of virus

A

hepadnaviradae

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Q

where does cytostolic Ca come from

A

Mitochondria

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Q

common cancer in males and females

A

lung

doubled in last 40 years

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Q

most common site of MI

when does irreversible cell injury occur

A

LAD

20-40 mins

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Q

most prominent risk reduction for stopping smoking

A

MI

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Q

transfusion reaction hypersensitivity

serum sickness/arthus

tuburculin

A

2

3

4

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Q

what dont familial tumours have

A

specific phenotypes

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Q

what collagen is deposited in cirrhosis

A

1.3

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Q

most common cause AVN

A

steroids

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Q

is metaplasia reversible

A

yes

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Q

benign bone tumour

A

osteochondroma

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Q

percentage with islet cell antibodies in t1dm

A

70-80

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Q

oestrogen and osteoclasts

A

inhibits them

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Q

RSV and x-ray

A

interstitial infiltrates

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Q

in hopsital death rate MI

A

7%

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Q

hypersensitivity involving lymphocytes

A

3

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Q

what is the major cause of tissue damage in tb

A

granulomas

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Q

what channel causes insulin release

A

VGCC

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Q

perecentage of MI causing arrthymia

A

90

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Q

most common cause pericarditis

A

viral

post mi

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Q

bigger effect on tissues - T3 or T4?

A

T3

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Q

compound commonly lost in OA

A

hyaluronan

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Q

how long does EPO take to work

what stops it

A

5-7 days

theophylline

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Q

how long are stored platelets viable for

A

24 hours

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Q

characteristics of aids

A

cd4 loss greater

less hypersensitivity

increased circulating immune complexes

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Q

what defines hep b carrier state

A

HBsAg for over 6 months

Q

what are the majority of HIV cases from

A

heterosexual

Q

what inactivates free radicals

A

glutathione

Q

how does rhabo damage muscles

A

damages sarcomere

Q

what size are most infarcts

biggest risk for infarcts

A

wedge

bed

Q

ATP loss in infarction

A

depletion in seconds

50% normal 10 mins

10% normal 40 mins

Q

when do fatty streaks appear in the aorta

A

1yr old

Q

what causes conjunctivitis

A

adenovirus

Q

anatomy of blood vessel

A

Q

what does SCA anaemia do to bone marrow

A

normoplastic hyperplasia

Q

lines of zahn

no RBC in supernatant

A

antimortem

post

Q

key in melanoma

A

nodule development

Q

key transporter in insulin

A

GLUT2

Q

contraction bands in MI

A

reperfusion injury

Q

common presentation of appendicits in preschool

A

gastro

NB neutrophil invasion of muscular layer

Q

what percentage of endocarditis culture nothing

A

10%

Q

why does metaplasia occur

A

reprogramming of cells

Q

most common site of malignancy haem spread

A

liver and lung

Q

what happens to haptoglobins in haemolysis

A

go up

Q

what does tetanus produce

perfringens

A

heavy and light chain

alpha

Q

where is serotonin pre formed

A

mast cells and platelets

Q

where is Iga found

A

resp

GI

Q

mitotic signal protein

A

RAS

Q

highest risk in male smokers

A

lip, oral

Q

what causes croup

A

parainfluenze

Q

endothelium v epithelium

A

endo enclosed

epi outside world

Q

what forms bradykini

A

kallikrellin

Q

what GI cancer does smoking cause

A

pancreatic

also saccular aneurysms

Q

hepatitis A incubation

A

2-6 weeks

Q

what stimulates IL1 in osteroporosis

A

low oestrogen

Q

H in getsmashed

A

hypercalcaemia

hypertriglycerides

Q

Acyanotic heart disease

A

VSD

Q

sign of irreversible cell injury

A

swelling and fatty change

Q

how does botulism work

A

inhibits ACH

Q

where do lymphocytes usually live

A

lymph nodes

spleen

thymus

Q

segmental glomerulosclerosis

A

loss of foot processes

Q

vegetarian stones

A

calcium oxalate

Q

what is phimosis linked to?

A

carcinomas