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Step 1 > Pathology - derm > Flashcards

Pathology - derm Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of the epidermis

A 
Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Spinosum
Basale
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2
Q

Claudins and occludins

A

Tight junctions

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3
Q

Cadherins and action cytoskeleton

A

Adherens junction

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4
Q

Keratin and desmoplakin

A

Desmosome

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5
Q

Connexons

A

Gap junction

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6
Q

Keratin and basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosome

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7
Q

Integrins

A

Membrane proteins that attach to basement membrane

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8
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

incr. thickness of stratum corneum

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9
Q

Acanthosis

A

Epidermal hyperplasia (incr. spinosum)

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10
Q

Normal melanocyte number with decr. melanin production

A

Albinism

Decreased tyrosinase activity, or defective tyrosine transport

Also caused by failure of neural crest migration during development

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11
Q

Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes

A

Vitiligo

Irregular areas of complete depigmentation

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12
Q

Inflammation of pilsebaceous unit

A

Acne

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13
Q

Pruritic eruption on flexor areas

A

Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

Face in infancy, then elbow fossa

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14
Q

Acanthosis with hyperkeratosis

A

Psoriasis

incr. spinosum, decr. granulosum (SSSS: soriasis, spinosum)

Pinpoint bleeding when scales are scraped off - Auspitz sign

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15
Q

Squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin-filled cysts

A

Seborrheic keratosis

If sudden appearance of multiple, then indication of underlying GI/lymphoid cancer

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16
Q

Location of edema in urticaria

A

Dermis

look for lymphatic dilation as well. Mediated by mast cell degranulation

17
Q

Staph scalded skin syndrome

A

Exotoxin destroys keratinocyte attachments in granulosum only

heals completely

18
Q

Toxis epidermal necrolysis

A

Destruction of epidermal-dermal junction

19
Q

IgG antibody against desmoglein (desmosome component)

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

Acantholysis, flaccid intraepidermal bullae

20
Q

IgG antibody against hemidesmosome

A

Bullous pemphigoid

linear immunofluorescence at epidermal-dermal junction (Abs are “bullow” the epidermis)

21
Q

IgA at tips of dermal papillae

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

Assoc. with celiac disease

22
Q

Associations with acanthosis nigricans

A

hyperinsulinism

gastric adenocarcinoma

23
Q

Sawtooth infiltrate of lymphocytes at dermal-epidermal junction

A

Lichen planus

assoc. with hep C

pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques

24
Q

UVA vs. UVB rays

A

UVA - tanning, photoaging

UVB - sunburn

25
Q

Pink pearly nodules with telangiectasias, rolled borders, central crusting

A

Basal cell carcinoma

Palisading nuclei

26
Q

Ulcerative red lesions with frequent scale, may spread to lymph nodes

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

Keratin pearls

27
Q

Activating mutation in BRAF kinase, V600E

A

Melanoma

Tx: vemurafenib

Step 1 (32 decks)

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