Pathology - Cell Cycle Flashcards
What are 3 different cell growth receptors?
Ones with AND without intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and 7 transmembrane G protein coupled receptors
What do you need to know about the tyrosine kinase growth receptor pathway?
Start; membrane protein EGFR, ends with transcription.
What’s the G protein pathway called?
Canonical WnT Pathway
What’s the no intrinsic tyrosine kinase pathway called?
JAK-STAT pathway
What are the different stages in the cell cycle controlled by? and what are they controlled by?
CDKs (Cyclin dependent kinases) which are activated by different cyclins
What are the 4 stages of the cell cycle?
G1, S, G2, M
What happens during the G1 stage of the cell cycle?
The cell gets bigger, increased protein synthesis.
What initiates G1?
CDK4 (ACTIVATED BY CYCLIN D)
What does CDK4 activate?
Retinoblastoma protein. It prevents Rb being able to bind to E2F.
What is the function of Rb?
It binds to E2F like a goalie, to prevent E2F progressing down the pathway and scoring a goal
What is the function of E2F?
It kicks off DNA replication
What happens during the S stage?
Cyclin A levels increase, activating CDK2 which promotes DNA replication
By the end of the S stage what will the cell have?
2 copies of its genome
What occurs during the G2 phase of the cell cycle?
Cell increases in size, protein synthesis increases
What is the checkpoint protein at the end of the S phase?
p53
