Pathology Black Book - from Robbin's 7th ed Chapter 1 - Cell Injury and Death

Question 1

11. Apoptosis:
    a) is usually stimulated by hypoxia
    b) produces a moderate degree of inflammation
    c) features chromatin aggregates
    d) is the underlying process in caseous necrosis
    e) is stimulated by decreased cytosolic calcium

Answer 1

C

Question 2

12. All of the following are endogenous antioxidants EXCEPT:
    a) glutathione
    b) transferin
    c) superoxide dismutase
    d) catalase
    e) ferrous sulphate

Answer 2

E

Question 3

13. Irreversible cell injury is characterised by:
    a) dispersion of ribosomes
    b) cell swelling
    c) lysosomal rupture
    d) cell membrane defects
    e) nuclear chromatin clumping

Answer 3

D, but I would argue that C is also correct.

Question 4

14. Dystrophic calcification can be caused by:
    a) sarcoidosis
    b) multiple myeloma
    c) advanced renal failure
    d) advanced atherosclerosis
    e) all of the above

Answer 4

E (but I think this is wrong. It should be D. Sarcoidosis, MM and advanced renal failure are all causes of hypercalcaemia, which is a feature of metastatic calcification. Serum calcium is NORMAL in dystrophic calcification)

Question 5

15. Metaplasia:
    a) is an increase in the number and size of cells in a tissue
    b) is the process that occurs in Barretts oesophagitis
    c) is typically an irreversible process
    d) in the respiratory tract preserves mucus secretion
    e) can be caused by vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer 5

B

Question 6

1) Hypertrophy

a) occurs after partial hepatectomy
b) increases function of an organ exponentionally
c) is triggered by mechanical and trophic chemicals
d) occurs after dennervation
e) is usually pathological

Answer 6

E (but I think this is wrong, it should be C)

Question 7

2) All the following are features of apoptosis EXCEPT

a) cell swelling
b) chromatin condensation
c) formation of cytoplasmic blebs
d) lack of inflammation
e) phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies

Answer 7

A

Question 8

3) Dystrophic calcification

a) is formed only in coagulative necrosis
b) does not occur on heart valves
c) rarely causes dysfunction
d) is rarely found on mitochondria
e) is formed by crystalline calcium phosphate mineral

Answer 8

E

Question 9

10) Which of the following is not associated with atrophy

a) decreased smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b) decreased rough endoplasmic reticulum
c)
d)
e) decreased autophagic vacuoles

Answer 9

E